Pengaruh Keteladanan dan Emotional Style Ibu terhadap Karakter Sopan Santun Anak Usia Prasekolah di Kampung Adat Sunda

Abstract

Karakter sopan santun perlu dioptimalkan sejak dini sebagai bekal keterampilan sosial anak. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh keteladanan dan gaya pengasuhan emosi (emotional style) ibu terhadap karakter sopan santun anak usia prasekolah di kampung adat Sunda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional, penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive dan sampel ditarik dengan pendekatan convenient sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner secara luring kepada 100 ibu dan anak usia prasekolah di Kampung Adat Pasir Garut dan Kampung Adat Naga Tasikmalaya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa keteladanan, emotional style ibu terhadap anak, baik pelatihan emosi (emotional coaching) ataupun penghentian emosi (emotional dismissing) serta karakter sopan santun anak berada pada kategori sedang atau cukup. Ibu rumah tangga cenderung memiliki anak yang lebih sopan santun dibandingkan anak dengan ibu yang bekerja. Ibu yang menunjukkan keteladanan tinggi cenderung menerapkan pelatihan emosi dan penghentian emosi. Menariknya, ibu yang menerapkan pelatihan emosi cenderung menerapkan penghentian emosi juga dalam pengasuhan. Semakin tinggi penerapan pelatihan emosi dan penghentian emosi semakin meningkat karakter sopan santun anak. Anak perempuan dan anak yang lebih tua memiliki karakter sopan santun yang lebih baik, sementara itu anak dengan ibu bekerja memiliki sopan santun yang lebih rendah. Namun, keteladanan dan emotional style ibu tidak berpengaruh terhadap karakter sopan santun anak.

Politeness character need to be optimised from an early age as a foundation for children's social skills. This study analyses the influence of maternal role modelling and emotional parenting style on the politeness character of preschool-aged children in Sunda indigenous villages. This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, where the location was determined purposively and the sample was drawn using convenient sampling. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire administered to 100 mothers and preschool-aged children in the traditional villages of Pasir Garut and Naga Tasikmalaya. The results indicate that maternal role modelling, emotional style towards children, whether through emotional coaching or emotional dismissing, and children's polite behaviour are in the moderate or sufficient category. Mother who become housewives tend to have children who are more polite than children with working mothers. Mothers who demonstrate high role modelling tend to apply emotional coaching and emotional dismissing. Interestingly, mothers who apply emotional coaching also tend to apply emotional dismissing in childcare. The higher the application of emotional training and emotional dismissal, the higher the children's manners. Girls and older children have better manners, while children with working mothers have lower manners. However, the mother's role model and emotional style do not influence the politeness character.