Identifikasi Spesies Hiu dan Pari dengan Nanopore Sequencing serta Keterkaitannya dengan Preferensi Konsumen

Abstract

Produk olahan berbasis hiu dan pari meliputi ikan asin, ikan asap, dan kerupuk kulit ikan banyak dijual tanpa mencantumkan spesies asal sehingga berisiko memperdagangkan spesies dilindungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies hiu dan pari menggunakan teknologi metabarcoding nanopore sequencing serta menganalisis keterkaitannya dengan preferensi konsumen untuk menjamin produk perikanan berkelanjutan. Proses penelitian mencakup identifikasi spesies dengan Oxford nanopore Technologies dan pengumpulan data preferensi konsumen melalui pendekatan kuisioner dan analisis SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares). Teknologi ini berhasil mengidentifikasi seluruh spesies dalam sampel campuran dan terkonfirmasi oleh DNA barcoding. Berdasarkan IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List of Threatened Species, 26 spesies dikategorikan terancam dan mayoritas tercantum dalam Appendix II CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Hasil SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa Environmental Attitude berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Green Purchase Behavior, sedangkan Social Influence tidak menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan. Responden menunjukkan sikap positif dan kesiapan beralih ke produk ramah lingkungan jika tersedia informasi dan jaminan keberlanjutan yang jelas.

Shark and ray-based processed products, including salted fish, smoked fish, and fish skin crackers, are widely sold without labeling the species of origin, posing a risk of trading protected species. This study aims to identify shark and ray species using nanopore sequencing metabarcoding technology and to analyze their relationship with consumer preferences to ensure sustainable fisheries products. The research process includes species identification using Oxford nanopore Technologies and the collection of consumer preference data through a questionnaire approach and SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares) analysis. This technology successfully identified all species present in the mixed sample, and these findings were confirmed through DNA barcoding. According to the International IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List of Threatened Species, 26 species are categorized as endangered, with the majority listed in Appendix II of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The SEM-PLS results indicate that Environmental Attitude significantly influences Green Purchase Behavior, while Social Influence does not have a notable impact. Respondents demonstrated positive attitudes and willingness to switch to environmentally friendly products if clear information and sustainability guarantees are available.