Potensi Tumbuhan Pangan dan Obat di Desa Cibeureum, Daerah Penyangga TN Gunung Ciremai, Kuningan

Abstract

Desa Cibeureum yang terletak di Kecamatan Cilimus, Kabupaten Kuningan, merupakan salah satu desa penyangga Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai. Terdapat masyarakat yang memanfaatkan dan membudidayakan tumbuhan pangan dan obat, namun kurang dalam pendokumentasiannya. Hal tersebut menjadi latar belakang penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik masyarakat, menganalisis potensi dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan pangan dan obat oleh masyarakat Desa Cibeureum, serta menghitung nilai penting spesies yang dimanfaatkan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Cibeureum, Kecamatan Cilimus, Kabupaten Kuningan. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu karakteristik responden, keanekaragaman potensi dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan pangan dan obat, dan intensitas penggunaan tumbuhan oleh masyarakat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, eksplorasi dan studi literatur. Tingginya penggunaan tumbuhan oleh ibu rumah tangga sangat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan obat tradisional dan pangan berbasis kearifan lokal. Potensi tumbuhan pangan didapatkan sebanyak 68 spesies dan potensi tumbuhan obat didapatkan sebanyak 80 spesies. Masyarakat memanfaat 80 spesies pangan dan 85 spesies tumbuhan obat. Beberapa tumbuhan yang memiliki nilai ICS tertinggi yaitu padi, ubi jalar, kentang dan asam jawa. Pengetahuan tumbuhan pangan dan obat sangat penting untuk diwariskan ke generasi muda.

Cibeureum Village, located in Cilimus District, Kuningan Regency, is one of the buffer villages of Mount Ciremai National Park. There are people who utilize and cultivate food and medicinal plants, but the documentation is still lacking. This is the background of the study with the aim of analyzing the characteristics of the community, analyzing the potential and utilization of food and medicinal plants by the Cibeureum Village community, and calculating the importance of the species utilized. The research was conducted in Cibeureum Village, Cilimus District, Kuningan Regency. The data collected are the characteristics of the respondents, the diversity of potential and utilization of food and medicinal plants, and the intensity of plant use by the community. Data collection was carried out using observation, interview, exploration and literature study methods. The high use of plants by housewives greatly affects the sustainability of traditional medicine and food based on local wisdom. The potential for food plants was obtained as many as 68 species and the potential for medicinal plants was obtained as many as 80 species. The community utilizes 80 food species and 85 medicinal plant species. Some plants that have the highest ICS values are rice, sweet potatoes, potatoes and tamarind. Knowledge of food and medicinal plants is very important to pass on to the younger generation.