Nilai dan Manfaat Ekonomi Keberadaan Taman Gombol Paya di Jakarta Barat

Abstract

Kampung Gombol Paya merupakan kawasan strategis bagi pekerja komuter yang berbatasan langsung dengan Kota Tangerang Selatan. Peningkatan pembangunan hunian di wilayah ini menyebabkan perubahan tutupan lahan yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas lingkungan. Kondisi ini menciptakan trade-off antara kebutuhan lahan permukiman dengan alokasi Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Suku Dinas Pertamanan dan Hutan Kota Jakarta Barat berupaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut melalui pembangunan Taman Gombol Paya sebagai RTH. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) menganalisis persepsi pengunjung dan masyarakat sekitar terhadap keberadaan Taman Gombol Paya; (2) mengestimasi nilai ekonomi keberadaan Taman Gombol Paya; dan (3) mengestimasi manfaat ekonomi keberadaan Taman Gombol Paya. Metode yang digunakan mencakup analisis persepsi, travel cost method, dan metode share income. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) persepsi pengunjung dan masyarakat sekitar terhadap manfaat ekonomi, sosial, lingkungan, dan komponen 4A (attraction, accessibility, amenity, dan ancillary) berada dalam kategori sangat baik; (2) nilai ekonomi taman mencapai Rp433.901.054,34 per tahun; serta (3) rata-rata kontribusi sektor wisata terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga pelaku usaha dan tenaga kerja mencapai 68,08% berada dalam kategori kontribusi tinggi.

Gombol Paya Village is a strategic area for commuter workers, located on the border of South Tangerang City. The rapid development of residential housing in this area has led to land cover changes, which have negatively impacted environmental quality. This situation creates a trade-off between the demand for residential area and the need for Green Open Space (GOS). In response, The West Jakarta Sub-Department of Parks and Urban Forests has developed Gombol Paya Park as a designated GOS. This study aims to: (1) analyze visitors’ and local residents’ perceptions of the existence of Gombol Paya Park; (2) estimate its economic value; and (3) assess its economic benefits. The study employs perception analysis, the travel cost method, and the share income method. The findings indicate that: (1) visitors and local residents recognize the park’s economic, social, and environmental benefits, with the four components (attraction, accessibility, amenity, and ancillary) rated in the “very good” category; (2) the estimated economic value of the park is IDR 433.901.054,34 per year; and (3) the average contribution of the tourism sector to household incomes among business owners and workers is 68,08%, which is categorized as high.