Studi Efektivitas Environmental Enrichment pada Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis) Berperilaku Abnormal di PSSP

Abstract

Pemeliharaan Macaca fasciscularis secara ex-situ dalam kandang individu seringkali memicu terjadinya perilaku abnormal pada Macaca fascicularis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi efektivitas program environmental enrichment dalam mengurangi perilaku abnormal pada Macaca fascicularis. Pengamatan perilaku dilakukan pada 4 ekor Macaca fascicularis yang memiliki perilaku abnormal dengan metode focal animal sampling. Pengamatan perilaku dimulai tanpa pemberian enrichment, kemudian diberikan perlakukan enrichment puzzle ball, dan feeding tube yang berisi wortel dan kacang panjang. Masing-masing pengamatan dilakukan selama 2 pekan, dua kali sehari dalam waktu 30 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perilaku dominan Macaca fascicularis sebelum dilakukan pemberian enrichment, menunjukan perilaku abnormal, istirahat, dan agonistik. Perilaku setelah pemberiaan enrichment puzzle ball dan feeding tube, yaitu perilaku foraging, makan, dan perilaku abnormal. Efektivitas kedua enrichment dibuktikan dengan uji repeated measure ANOVA yang memiliki nilai (sig. 0,007<0,05), artinya terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan dalam mengurangi perilaku abnormal pada Macaca fascicularis.

The ex-situ maintenance of Macaca fascicularis in individual enclosures often triggers abnormal behaviors. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental enrichment in reducing abnormal behaviors in Macaca fascicularis. Behavioral observations were carried out on 4 Macaca fascicularis that had abnormal behavior using the focal animal sampling method. Observations began without enrichment, followed by the application of puzzle balls and feeding tubes containing carrots and long beans. Each observation phase lasted two weeks, conducted twice daily for 30 minutes. Results showed that dominant behaviors before enrichment included abnormal behaviors, resting, and agonistic actions. After introducing puzzle balls and feeding tubes, foraging, feeding, and reduced abnormal behaviors became dominant. The effectiveness of both enrichments was proven by the Repeated Measure ANOVA test which had a value (sig. 0.007<0.05), meaning that there is a significant average difference in reducing abnormal behavior in Macaca fascicularis.