Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/156963
Title: Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Logistik Perikanan Di Pelabuhan Jaringan Tol Laut Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku
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Authors: Mustaruddin
Lembito,, Hoetomo
Arif, Hadi Sholekhan
Issue Date: 2024
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Potensi Indonesia sebagai negara maritim terbesar dengan kekayaan sumber daya alamnya khususnya komoditas perikanan, memerlukan sistem manajemen yang baik dalam pengaturan logistiknya. Tidak hanya manajemen logistik saja, dengan kondisi geografis kepulauan Indonesia membutuhkan sistem pelayaran melalui suatu program penyelenggaraan angkutan laut yang baik dan handal. Sistem Logistik Ikan Nasional (SLIN) yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah dengan tujuan memperkuat stabilitas sistem produksi serta kapasitas pemasaran ikan skala nasional, meningkatkan dan menjangkau konektivitas antara pengelolaan produksi, informasi, manajemen rantai pasokan dari bagian hulu hingga ke hilir. Sedangkan untuk memaksimalkan pemerataan logistik dan mengurangi disparitas harga pemerintah juga sudah membuat program Tol Laut dengan memaksimalkan trayek dan armada hingga konektivitas antar pulau di Indonesia menjadi lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai apakah program Tol Laut ini dapat memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pemerataan logistik dinilai dari kinerja sistem logistik perikanannya di Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku, mengingat bahwa komoditas perikanan merupakan salah satu komoditas penting yang dapat diangkut melalui angkutan Tol Laut. Pelabuhan Dobo dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian karena merupakan salah satu pelabuhan singgah yang dilewati trayek Tol Laut di kawasan timur Indonesia dan juga merupakan pelabuhan paling ramai di salah satu wilayah sentra produksi perikanan pada kawasan timur Indonesia. Dalam mencapai tujuan penelitian, peneliti mengolah data produksi perikanan dan distribusi ikan yang menggunakan Tol Laut di lokasi penelitian. Kemudian dilakukan penilaian kinerja logistik perikanan menggunakan modul penghitungan Indeks Kinerja Logistik Ikan (IKLI) dari Direktorat Logistik Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan yang dimodifikasi. Setelah didapatkan hasil pengukuran kinerja logistik perikanan, selanjutnya dilakukan penyusunan strategi peningkatan kinerja beserta pemilihan alternatif strategi menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2024. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara yang berasal dari para pihak/stakeholder dan pakar yang terkait dengan aktivitas logistik perikanan dan pelabuhan Tol Laut. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari laporan tahunan dan dokumen-dokumen terkait SLIN dan Tol Laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa 2 kuesioner yang terdiri dari kuesioner penilaian indeks kinerja logistik perikanan di jaringan Pelabuhan Tol Laut Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku dengan 12 responden dan kuesioner pemilihan strategi peningkatan kinerja logistik perikanan di jaringan Pelabuhan Tol Laut Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku dengan 8 responden pakar. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa peran tol laut masih tergolong sangat kecil atau belum optimal dalam mendistribusikan logistik ikan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru. Peran atau kontribusi tol laut dalam mendistribusikan logistik ikan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru melalui Pelabuhan Dobo pada tahun 2022 hanya sebesar 2,54%. Dalam menentukan indeks kinerja logistik ikan ini, data kuesioner yang sudah didapatkan kemudian dilakukan skoring untuk menentukan bobot antar dimensi. Terdapat lima dimensi yaitu (1) Dimensi Pengelolaan Pengadaan Hasil Perikanan, (2) Dimensi Efisiensi, (3) Dimensi Konektivitas, (4) Dimensi Manfaat, dan (5) Dimensi Tata Kelola. Dari 12 sampel kuesioner yang disebar dengan berbagai profil, didapatkan hasil bahwa kinerja sistem logistik perikanan di Pelabuhan Jaringan Tol Laut Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku memperoleh nilai IKLI sebesar 56,1 dan mendapatkan kategori predikat “Cukup”. Dimensi IKLI Pelabuhan Dobo yang memiliki nilai indeks dimensi secara berurutan yaitu terendah pertama dimensi Pengelolaan Pengadaan Hasil Perikanan dan terendah kedua dimensi Tata Kelola. Sedangkan dari kuesioner 8 responden pakar pada penyusunan kriteria dan pembobotan alternatif Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Logistik Perikanan di Pelabuhan Jaringan Tol Laut Pelabuhan Dobo Maluku, menggunakan metode AHP didapatkan hasil bahwa strategi peningkatan diprioritaskan pada alternatif strategi “Mengintegrasikan sistem logistik perikanan dan tol laut yang efisien, sehingga biaya logistik (penyimpanan, transportasi) menjadi rendah, serta mampu mengatasi kelebihan pasokan dan kelebihan permintaan di wilayah sekitarnya” dengan bobot sebesar 0,6523.
Indonesia's potential as the largest maritime country with its wealth of natural resources especially fishery commodities, requires a good management system in organizing its logistics. Not only logistics management, due to geographical conditions, the Indonesian archipelago also needs a shipping system through a good and reliable sea transportation program. The logistics system for fishery products has been regulated in SLIN issued by government regulations with the aim of strengthening the stability of the production system and national scale fish marketing capacity, increasing and reaching connectivity between production management, information and supply chain management from upstream to downstream. Meanwhile, to maximize distribution of logistics and reduce price disparity, the government has also created the Sea Toll program by maximizing routes and fleets so that connectivity between islands in Indonesia becomes better. The aim of this study to assess whether the sea toll program can have a significant influence on equitable logistics as assessed by the performance of the fish logistics system at Dobo Port, Maluku. Dobo Port was chosen as the research location because it is one of the transit ports that will definitely pass through by Sea Toll program at the eastern region of Indonesia and it’s also the busiest port in the eastern region of Indonesia. In achieving research objectives, researchers processed data on fisheries production and fish distribution using the Sea Highway at the research location. Then an assessment of fisheries logistics performance was carried out using a modified Fish Logistics Performance Index (IKLI) calculation module from Directorate of Logistics of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. After obtaining the results of measuring fisheries logistics performance, a performance improvement strategy is then carried out along with selecting alternative strategies using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This research was conducted from February to March 2024. Primary data was obtained from interviews from parties/stakeholders and experts related to fisheries logistics activities and sea toll ports. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from annual reports and documents related to SLIN and Sea Toll. This research used instruments in the form of 2 questionnaires consisting of a questionnaire assessing the fisheries logistics performance index at the port of the sea toll network Dobo Port, Maluku with 12 respondents and a questionnaire for selecting strategies for improving fisheries logistics performance at the port of the sea toll network Dobo Port, Maluku with 8 expert respondents. The results of data processing show that the role of sea toll program is still relatively small or not yet optimal in distributing fish logistics in Aru Islands Regency, Maluku. The role or contribution of sea toll program in distributing fish logistics in Aru Islands Regency via Dobo Port in 2022 will only be 2.54%. Next, in determining the fish logistics performance index, the questionnaire data that has been obtained is then scored to determine the weight between dimensions. There are five dimensions in determining IKLI, namely (1) Dimension of Fishery Product Procurement Management, (2) Dimension of Efficiency, (3) Dimension of Connectivity, (4) Dimension of Benefit, and (5) Dimension of Governance. In the questionnaire distributed there are also all the points in determining the weight of this dimension. Furthermore, after carrying out calculations from 12 questionnaire samples distributed with various profiles, the results showed that the performance of the fisheries logistics at the port of the sea toll network Dobo Port Maluku, obtained an IKLI score of 56.1 and received the "Adequate" predicate category. The IKLI dimensions of Dobo Port have dimension index values in sequence, namely the first lowest in the Fishery Product Procurement Management dimension and the second lowest in the Governance dimension. Meanwhile, from the questionnaire of 8 expert respondents on the preparation of criteria and weighting of alternative strategies for improving fisheries logistics performance at the port of the sea toll network Dobo Port Maluku, using the AHP method, the results showed that the improvement strategy was prioritized on the alternative strategy "Integrating efficient fisheries logistics and sea toll systems, so that logistics costs (storage, transportation) are low, and are able to overcome excess supply and excess demand in the surrounding area" with a weight of 0.6523.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/156963
Appears in Collections:MT - Multidiciplinary Program

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