Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/153569
Title: Optimasi Formula Hard Capsule Berbasis Konjak Glukomanan dan Karagenan
Other Titles: Optimization of Formula Hard Capsule Based on Konjac Glucomannan and Carragenan
Authors: Sunarti, Titi Candra
Raharja, Sapta
Syamsu, Khaswar
Herman, Winda
Issue Date: 2024
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Konjak glukomanan memiliki keunggulan sebagai bahan pembentuk gel dan lapisan film berbasis biopolimer, sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan substitusi gelatin pada pembuatan hard capsule. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang kondisi optimum dari formula hard capsule berbasis konjak glukomanan dan karagenan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Response Surface Methodology (RSM), model Box-Behnken Design (BBD) pada program design expert 13.0. Variabel faktor yang dianalisis adalah rasio konjak glukomanan (X1), karagenan (X2) dan gliserol (X3) dengan variabel respon yaitu kadar air kapsul dan disintegrasi kapsul. Uji pendukung lainnya yaitu spesifikasi hard capsule dan kinerja disolusi obat yang dikemas oleh hard capsule dari kondisi optimum. Kondisi optimum yang direkomendasikan RSM dari hasil optimasi formula yaitu konjac glukomanan 2,84%, karagenan 1,81% dan gliserol 0,11% dengan tingkat desirability 0,910% atau setara dengan 91%. Setelah dilakukan uji validasi diperoleh kadar air kapsul 7,23% dan disintegrasi kapsul 10,35 menit. Hasil validasi kondisi optimum yang direkomendasikan terhadap nilai respon yang didapatkan sudah sesuai dengan target yaitu sebesar 91%. Penampakan hard capsule kombinasi konjak glukomanan dan karagenan memiliki warna bening agak keruh, terdapat bintik-bintik butiran konjak glukomanan yang belum larut sempurna dan juga terdapat gelembung udara (Bubble) yang terperangkap didalam larutan hard capsule pada saat pencetakan sehingga menyebabkan permukaan hard capsule tidak terlihat mulus. Meskipun penampakan permukaan kapsul yang dihasilkan mempengaruhi daya tarik secara estetika, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi hard capsule secara fungsional dalam penghantaran obat. Kinerja drug delivery system dalam penelitian ini dirpengaruhi oleh spesifikasi pada hard capsule, dimana ketebalan kapsul yang rendah dapat mempercepat waktu disintegrasi kapsul sehingga obat dapat dilepaskan dalam waktu singkat. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan waktu pecah kapsul berkisar antara 2-7 menit, kemudian obat dilepaskan 80% dalam waktu 6-12 menit dan eritromisin stearat dalam kapsul terdisolusi sebesar 49,19% dalam waktu 120 menit, nilai ini masih rendah dari standar farmakope Indonesia dimana eritromisin stearat harus larut tidak kurang dari 75% dalam waktu 120 menit pada jumlah etiket yang tertera. Pada penelitian ini pemodelan kinetika disolusi dilakukan untuk menggambarkan laju pelepasan obat dan model pelepasannya. Model kinetika Higuchi menggambarkan disolusi eritromisin stearat terbaik dari model lainnya. Model kinetika Higuchi memberikan nilai Rsqr adj dan MSC terbesar, serta nilai AIC dan MSE terkecil dari model kinetik lainnya. Kinetika pelepasan obat higuchi menjelaskan pelepasan obat sebagai proses difusi melalui bahan penghalang atau matriks. Model ini termasuk pelepasan obat yang semakin lama zat aktifnya akan dilepaskan dengan kecepatan rendah. Kata kunci: hard capsule, karagenan, konjak glukomanan, optimasi formula
Konjac glucomannan has advantages as a gelling material and biopolymer based film layer, so it has the potential to be developed as a gelatin substitution material in manufacture of hard capsules. This study aims to design optimal conditions from hard capsule formulas based on konjac glucomannan and carrageenan. The method used is the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) of the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) model in Design Expert 13.0 program. The factor variables analyzed were the ratio of glucomannan (X1), carrageenan (X2) and glycerol (X3) with response variables is capsule moisture content and capsule disintegration. Other supporting tests are the specifications of the hard capsule and the performance of the drug solution packaged by the hard capsule from the optimum condition. The optimum conditions recommended by RSM from the formula optimization results are konjac glucomannan 2.84%, carrageenan 1.81% and glycerol 0.11% with a desirability of 0.910% or equivalent to 91%. After the validation test, the capsule moisture content was 7.23% and the capsule disintegration was 10.35 minutes. The results of the validation of the optimum conditions recommended for the response value obtained are in accordance with the target, which is 91%. The appearance of the hard capsule combined with glucomannan, and carrageenan has a slightly cloudy clear color, there are spots of glucomannan konjac granules that have not completely dissolved and there are also air bubbles trapped in the hard capsule solution during printing so that the surface of the hard capsule does not look smooth. Although the appearance of the resulting capsule surface affects the aesthetic appeal, it does not affect the hard capsule functionally in drug delivery. The performance of the drug delivery system in this study is affected by the specifications on the hard capsule, where the low thickness of the capsule can accelerate the disintegration time of the capsule so that the drug can be released in a short time. The test results showed that the capsule burst time ranged from 2-7 minutes, then the drug was released 80% within 6-12 minutes and erythromycin stearate in capsules was dissolved by 49.19% within 120 minutes, this value is still lower than the Indonesian pharmacopoeia standard where erythromycin stearate must dissolve no less than 75% within 120 minutes at the amount of etiquette listed. In this study, kinetic modelling was carried out to describe the drug release rate and its release model. Higuchi's kinetic model depicts the best erythromycin stearate solution of any other model. Higuchi kinetics models provide the largest Rsqr adj and MSC values, as well as the smallest AIC and MSE values of the other kinetic models. Higuchi drug release kinetics describes drug release as the process of diffusion through a barrier or matrix. This model includes the release of drugs that the longer the active substance will be released at a low rate. Keywords: carrageenan, hard capsule, konjak glucomannan, optimization formula.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/153569
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture Technology

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