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Title: | Strategi Pengembangan UMKM Kacang Mete di Kabupaten Muna |
Other Titles: | Development strategy for Cashew Nut SMEs in Muna Regency |
Authors: | Udin, Faqih Hardjomidjojo, Hartrisari Sariati, Sariati |
Issue Date: | 2024 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Kacang mete merupakan produk unggulan di Kabupaten Muna dengan peluang
yang sangat besar. Tanaman mete berasal dari perkebunan rakyat di Sulawesi
Tenggara dengan jumlah area terluas (115.467 ha) atau sekitar 29% dari luas total
tanaman menghasilkan (TM) di Indonesia bila dibandingkan dengan provinsi lain
penghasil mete dengan Kabupaten Muna sebagai kabupaten sentral kacang mete.
Kacang mete di Kabupaten Muna telah memiliki indeks geografis dengan ciri
berwarna putih susu dan tingkat keutuhan >85-95%. Terdapat banyak UMKM
kacang mete di Kabupaten Muna. UMKM kacang mete di Kabupaten Muna
memiliki jumlah yang banyak dan telah lama ada namun belum berkembang dengan
optimal.
Penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi pengembangan UMKM kacang mete
di Kabupaten Muna Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara menggunakan analisis deskriptif.
metode yang digunakan adalah Matriks IE, Matriks SWOT Quantitative Strategic
Planning Matrix (QSPM). Dengan tujuan: (1) analisis faktor Iternal dan Eksternal
kemudian membuat matriks IE untuk mengetahui sedang beradaa pada fase mana
UMKM kacang mete saat ini, (2) membuat alteratif strategi dengan matriks SWOT
dan (3) merumuskan strategi UMKM kacang mete yang sesuai dengan keadaan
kondisi internal dan eksternal di Kabupaten Muna.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan UMKM kacang mete dinilai memiliki kekuatan
dan peluang yang besar yang dapat mengatasi kelemahan maupun mengantisipasi
ancaman yang akan dihadapi. Kekuatan utama yang dimiliki oleh UMKM kacang
mete adalah bahan baku berkualitas baik, sehingga UMKM dapat memiliki produk
dengan kualitas yang baik dengan pasar yang lebih luas. Faktor peluang terbesar
yang harus dikembangkan adalah kondisi tanah dan geografis yang cocok untuk
tanaman mete, UMKM kacang mete di Kabupaten Muna didukung oleh kondisi
geografis yang memang cocok untuk tanaman mete yang membuat ketersediaan
bahan baku dapat berlangsung secara terus-menerus. Faktor kelemahan yang harus
diperhatikan adalah kurangnya modal usaha. Faktor ancaman yang kini sedang
dihadapi oleh pihak UMKM kacang mete yaitu perubahan cuaca yang
memengaruhi kualitas kacang mete. Matriks IE menunjukan bahwa UMKM kacang
mete di Kabupaten Muna berada pada sel V yaitu Grown and Stability (tumbuh dan
stabil) fase tumbuh yang berarti kesempatan UMKM kacang mete untuk terus
berkembang sangatlah besar. Sedangkan fase stabil artinya UMKM kacang mete
memiliki peluang yang sangat besar hanya saja ada kendala atau kelemahan yang
harus dihadapi, untuk itu perlu dilakukan alternatif strategi yaitu pengembangan
pasar dan pengembangan produk. Kemudian dilakukan analisis QSPM untuk
menentukan prioritas strategi utama. Hasil QSPM menunjukan prioritas strategi
pengembangan pasar paling tepat yaitu mengembangkan penjualan produk dengan
mencari informasi penjualan ke pasar ekspor melalui sosial media maupun bantuan
dari pemerintah dengan nilai sebesar 9,26. Cashew nuts are a superior commodity in Muna Regency with enormous opportunities. Cashew crops come from smallholder plantations in Southeast Sulawesi with the largest area (115,467 ha) or around 29% of the total area of productive crops in Indonesia when compared with other cashew-producing provinces with Muna Regency as the central cashew nut district. Cashew nuts in Muna Regency have a geographic index characterized by a milky white color and a level of integrity >85-95%. So there are many cashew nut MSMEs in Muna Regency. Cashew nut MSMEs in Muna Regency are large in number and have been around for a long time. However, they have not developed optimally. This research aimed to determine the strategies for developing cashew nut MSMEs in Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province using descriptive analysis. The method used is the IE Matrix, SWOT Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) with the aim of (1) analyzing internal and external factors and then creating an IE matrix to find out which phase cashew MSMEs are currently in, (2) creating alternative strategies with the SWOT matrix, and (3) formulate a cashew MSME strategy that is appropriate to the internal and external conditions in Muna Regency. The research results showed that cashew nut MSMEs are considered to have great strengths and opportunities that could overcome weaknesses and anticipate threats that would be faced. The main strength of cashew MSMEs was the good quality of raw materials, thus the MSMEs could have good quality products with a wider market. Meanwhile, the biggest opportunity factor that must be developed is soil and geographical conditions that are suitable for cashew plants. Cashew nut MSMEs in Muna Regency were supported by geographical conditions that are suitable for cashew plants, thus the availability of raw materials can be fulfilled sustainably. The weak factor that must be considered is the lack of business capital. The threat factor being faced by cashew nut MSMEs was weather changes, which affect the quality of cashew nuts. The IE matrix shows that cashew nut MSMEs in Muna Regency were in cell V, which is known as the growth and stability phase. The results concluded that the opportunity for cashew nut MSMEs to continue to develop is very large. Meanwhile, the stable phase means that cashew nut MSMEs had huge opportunities. However, some obstacles or weaknesses must be faced. Therefore, alternative strategies need to be implemented, which are: market development and product development. Furthermore, a QSPM analysis was examined to determine the main strategic priorities. The QSPM results showed that the most appropriate priority market development strategy for cashew glass MSMEs with the highest strategy was developing product sales by seeking sales information to export markets through social media or assistance from the government, which has a score of 9.26 |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/135260 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Agriculture Technology |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
COVER - TESIS - (F351190271) SARIATI.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 298.35 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
F351190271_SARIATI.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 1.02 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
LAMPIRAN- TESIS - (F351190271) SARIATI.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 221.12 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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