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Title: | Identifikasi Hama dan Penyakit serta Pengendaliannya pada Sistem Agroforestri Kopi Gayo (Coffea arabica) di Aceh Tengah |
Other Titles: | Identification of Pests and Diseases along with Their Control in the Gayo Coffee (Coffea arabica) Agroforestry System in Central Aceh |
Authors: | Herliyana, Elis Nina Hartoyo, Adisti Permatasari Putri Kultsum, Fifit |
Issue Date: | 2022 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Sistem agroforestri adalah sistem pengelolaan lahan yang
mempertimbangkan aspek sosial, ekonomi dan ekologi. Kopi Gayo (Coffea
arabica) merupakan komoditi utama masyarakat Desa Mude Nosar, Aceh Tengah
dengan sistem yang digunakan adalah sistem agroforestri. Disisi lain, serangan
hama dan penyakit k
opi Gayo menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas dan
penelitian terkait identifikasi hama serta penyakit pada sistem agroforestri kopi
Gayo masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah i) menganalisis komposisi,
struktur, dan keanekaragaman vegetasi, ii) mengidentifikasi jenis hama dan
penyakit pada Kopi Gayo dan penaungnya, iii) menghitung intensitas serangan
hama dan penyakit pada sistem agroforestri k
opi Gayo, serta iv) mengidentifikasi
potensi pengendalian hama dan penyakit terpadu pada sistem agroforestri kopi
Gayo di Desa Mude Nosar.
Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan
analisis vegetasi serta menghitung serangan hama dan penyakit. Gejala serangan
diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Patologi Hutan dengan melihat struktur makroskopis
dan mikroskopis cendawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumput kerbau
(Paspalum conjugatum) dan kopi Gayo secara berturut-turut mendominasi tingkat
tumbuhan bawah dan pancang. Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) mendominasi
tingkat semai, tiang dan pohon. Keanekaragaman jenis (H’) tingkat semai dan
tumbuhan bawah termasuk sedang dan tingkat pancang, tiang, dan pohon termasuk
rendah. Struktur tegakan membentuk kurva J terbalik. Hama yang ditemukan
adalah kutu loncat (Heteropsylla cubana) dan ulat jengkal (Hyposidra talaca).
Penyakit yang ditemukan yaitu antraknosa dan karat daun. Intensitas serangan hama
kutu loncat, penyakit antraknosa dan karat daun masing-masing dibawah 30%.
Pengendalian hama dan penyakit pada sistem agroforestri kopi Gayo secara terpadu
dengan pengelolaan agroforestri secara organik dengan pemanfaatan limbah kulit
kopi dan kotoran ternak, serta dengan pemanfatan musuh alami. Musuh alami yang
berpotensi yaitu Trichoderma harzianum, semut rangrang (Oecophylla
smaragdina), dan laba-laba (Araneae). Agroforestry is a land management system which considers social, economic and ecological aspects. Gayo coffee (Coffea arabica) is the main commodity which planted by local community of Desa Mude Nosar, Central Aceh using agroforestry system. On the other hand, Gayo coffee pests and diseases reduce the productivity and only a few studies have been undertaken to identify pests and diseases in Gayo coffee with agroforestry system. The study aimed to i) analyze the composition, structure, and diversity of vegetation, ii) to identify the types of pests and diseases in Gayo Coffee and its shade, iii) to calculate the intensity of pest and disease attacks on Gayo coffee in agroforestry system, and iv) to identify the potential of integrated pest control and disease in the Gayo coffee with agroforestry system in Desa Mude Nosar. The method used in this study was purposive sampling and vegetation analysis along with calculating pest and disease attacks. Symptoms of the attack were identified at Forest Pathology Laboratory by looking at the macroscopic and microscopic structures of the fungus. The results showed that rumput k erbau (Paspalum conjugatum) and Gayo coffee dominated the understorey and sapling levels. Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) dominates the seedling, pole and tree stake. Species diversity (H') of seedlings and understorey levels was moderate and the level of saplings, poles, and trees was low. The stand structure forms an inverted J curve. The pests found were fleas (Heteropsylla cubana) and black looper (Hyposidra talaca). Diseases found were anthracnose and leaf rust. The intensity of fleas attacks, anthracnose and leaf rust were less than 30%. Integrated control technique of pests and diseases in Gayo coffee with agroforestry system can be done with organic agroforestry management by utilizing coffee husk waste and livestock manure, and also by utilizing natural enemies. Potential natural enemies are Trichoderma harzianum, weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina), and spiders (Araneae). |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/112264 |
Appears in Collections: | UT - Silviculture |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cover.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 814.99 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
E44180029_Fifit Kultsum.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 2.53 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Lampiran.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 293.1 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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