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Title: | Zat Ekstraktif Kayu Gliricidia sepium, Calliandra calothyrsus, dan Leucaena leucocephala serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Peningkatan Nilai Kalor Biomassa |
Authors: | Syafii, Wasrin Nawawi, Deded Sarip Mauladdini, Rahmi |
Issue Date: | 2022 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Zat ekstraktif kayu merupakan komponen kimia kayu yang memiliki nilai
kalor paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan komponen kimia kayu lainnya. Kadar
dan jenis zat ekstraktif kayu beragam antar jenis, pada jenis yang sama, bagian
pohon, dan bagian kayu, serta dapat berpengaruh terhadap sifat dan penggunaan
kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi zat ekstraktif tiga jenis kayu
yaitu gamal (Gliricidia sepium Jacq.), kaliandra merah (Calliandra calothyrsus
Meissn.) dan lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala Lam.) yang berpengaruh terhadap
nilai kalor. Pengaruh zat ekstraktif terhadap nilai kalor kayu diuji melalui
pengukuran nilai kalor sampel kayu sebelum dan setelah diekstraksi dengan
pelarut etanol-benzena (1:2). Pengaruh zat ekstraktif terhadap nilai kalor
dibuktikan dengan mengukur perubahan nilai kalor biomassa sawit setelah
penambahan zat ekstraktif. Identifikasi kelompok zat ekstraktif yang diduga
berpengaruh terhadap nilai kalor dianalisis melalui analisis fitokimia kualitatif dan
LC-MS/MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kalor ketiga jenis kayu
yang diekstraksi dengan etanol-benzena (1:2) menurun 2,62-6,70%. Penambahan
zat ekstraktif ketiga jenis kayu pada biomassa sawit sebanyak 5% meningkatkan
nilai kalor sebesar 5,86-10,33%. Hal tersebut mengkonfirmasi bahwa zat
ekstraktif terlarut etanol-benzena (1:2) berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai kalor
biomassa. Hasil analisis LC-MS/MS terhadap zat ekstraktif yang berpengaruh
paling tinggi (zat ekstraktif kulit kayu gamal terlarut n-heksana) menunjukkan
bahwa senyawa dominan yang teridentifikasi adalah terpenoid, yang merupakan
kelompok zat ekstraktif bersifat non-polar. Wood extractive is a chemical component of wood with a high calorific value. The content and types of wood extractives vary between species, within the same species, tree parts, and wood parts, affecting the properties and utilization of wood. This study aims to identify extractives of three species of wood, namely Gliricidia sepium Jacq., Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn. and Leucaena leucocephala Lam., affecting the calorific value. The effect of extractives on the calorific value of wood was tested by measuring wood samples before and after extraction using ethanol-benzene solvent (1:2). The effect of extractives was confirmed by measuring the calorific value of oil palm biomass to which extractives were added. Furthermore, extractives with the highest effect were analyzed through qualitative phytochemical analysis and LC-MS/MS. The results showed that the calorific value of three wood species extracted by ethanol benzene (1:2) decreased 2.62 to 6.70%. The addition of extractives to the oil palm biomass as much as 5% increased the calorific value by 5.86-10.33%. This phenomenom confirms that the ethanol-benzene (1:2) soluble extractive has a positive effect on the calorific value of the biomass. LC-MS/MS analysis on extractives with a significant effect (n-hexane soluble gamal bark extracts) showed that the dominant compound identified were terpenoids which are a group of non-polar extractives. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/111860 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Forestry |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
COVER.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 635.55 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
E2501202010_Rahmi Mauladdini.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 1.33 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
LAMPIRAN.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 1.12 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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