Biodegradasi Substrat Gergajian Kayu Sengon oleh Jamur Kelompok Pleurotus Asal Bogor

Abstract

White-rot fungi has been started to be developed for enhancing the mushroom based industry in many countries including in environmentally sound of bio-bleaching and bio-pulping technological process. Six isolates of wild Pleuratus group were isolated from various location in Bogor. namely Pleuratus EAB7, EB24, EB14-2, EB6, EM and EB9 of which were studied of their ligninolytic character. P. ostreatus HO was used as standard comparison. The ligninolytic character of these six fungi isolates was measured after inoculation into Sengon (Paraserianthes fa/cataria) wood sawdust substrate inside plastic bag with substrate weight of about 400 gram; other additional substances were paddy scalp, gypsum, calcium and water. Observation was done on Sengon wood sawdust substrate since vegetative phase until reproductive phase. Samples were opened, destructed with Hammer Mill, and then dried with oven on temperature of 4()OC in 4 - 6 days until water content reach 15%, and weigh about 30 gram for analyses. Analyses were done by measuring water soluble extractive substance (TAPPI T 207 om-88 Standard), NaOH (sodium hydroxide) 1% soluble extractive substance (TAPPI T 212 om-88 Standard), alkohol-benzena soluble extractive sUbstance (TAPPI T 204 om-88 Standard), lignin content (TAPPI T 13 os-54 Standard). holocellulose content with method brawning (TAPPI T 211 m Standard), and cellulose content with method Cross and Bevan (Meulenhoff et al. 1977; T APPI1996). Having applied of each wild Pleuratus group isolates resulted in increasing of extractives total compounds both in vegetative and reproductive phases. Each wild Pleuratus group isolates shows variation in decreasing average of lignin content (10.7 - 89.7%) and cellulose (18.9 - 87.4%). Pleurotus EB9 are able to decrease the highest lignin (89.7%) and cellulose (87.4%) content of substrate. Classification based on ligninolytic character is different with classification based on morphological and physiological characters. Pleuratus EB9 seems to be separated from other isolates. This shows that there was different ligninolytic character among the isolates. The best isolate for bio-pulping and bio-bleaching agent is Pleurotus EB9 on vegetative phase.