PERTUMBUHAN PEDET BETINA DAN DARA SAPI FRIESIAN-HOLSTEIN DI WILAYAH KERJA BAGIAN BARAT KPSBU LEMBANG

Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate growth performance of Holstein-Friesian (HF) calves and heifers at small dairy farmers in the west area of KPSBU Lembang. The research was carried out during July-August, 2007. Observation on growth traits was based on the changes in body measurements and body weight by adding ages in 54 hd of female calves at the ages of 0 – 8 mo and in 54 hd of heifers at the ages of 8-24 mo. Information of the ages was obtained by interviewing and by examining teeth replacement; while data of body weight (kg) was converted from chest girth using a measuring tape of NASCO. Data of body measurements and body weight for each age classification were analized discriptively. Holstein-friesian females grew well by the adding ages. Growth rate was rapidly occured since calving to a ranging age of 9 – 10 mo at which pubertal age was predictively occured. At this 9 – 10 mo of age, mean of body weight was reached 200.5 ± 37.7 kg; while means of body measurements of chest depth, chest witdh, body length, wither height and chest girth were succesively 53.8 ± 2.7, 29.0 ± 2.2, 112.1 ± 12.7, 111.9 ± 1.3 and 140.3 ± 7.0 cm. The average of body weight of heifers at a ranging age of 11 – 12 mo was around 295.5 ± 49.3 kg and assumed as a sufficient body weight for getting first mating

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui performa pertumbuhan sapi Friesian-Holstein (FH) betina periode pedet dan dara di peternakan rakyat lingkup wilayah kerja bagian barat Koperasi Susu Bandung Utara (KPSBU) Lembang. Penelitian berlangsung selama bulan Juli-Agustus, 2007. Pertumbuhan diamati berdasarkan perubahan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dan bobot hidup dengan bertambahnya umur pada 54 ekor pedet betina umur 0 – 8 bulan dan 84 ekor dara umur 9 – 24 bulan. Informasi umur ternak diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan status pergantian gigi seri, sedangkan bobot hidup (kg) adalah hasil konversi ukuran lingkar dada menggunakan pita ukur NASCO. Data ukuran tubuh dan bobot hidup pada 12 klasifikasi umur dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sapi perah FH betina bertumbuh baik selaras dengan pertambahan umur. Pertumbuhan berlangsung cepat sejak lahir sampai sekitar umur 9 – 10 bulan yang diperkirakan saat tercapai umur pubertas. Pada umur 9 – 10 bulan dicapai rataan bobot hidup sebesar 200,5 ± 37,7 kg; sedangkan rataan ukuran tubuh meliputi dalam dada, lebar dada, panjang badan, tinggi pundak dan lingkar dada berurutan sebesar 53,8 ± 2,7, 29,0 ± 2,2, 112,1 ± 12,7, 111,9 ± 1,3 dan 140,3 ± 7,0 cm. Rataan bobot hidup sapi dara umur 11 – 12 bulan sekitar 295,5 ± 49,3 kg dan dipertimbangkan sebagai bobot hidup yang mencukupi bagi sapi dara mendapatkan inseminasi (kawin) pertama.