Pendugaan Jarak Genetik Kelinci Melalui Analisis Morfometrik

Abstract

The observation on morphological body conformation of English Spot (ES), Flemish Giant (FG), New Zealand White (NZWm), and Rex (Rexm) from Magelang, Central Java, and New Zealand White (NZWb), Rex (Rexb), Satin (Satin) and RS (RS) from Balitnak-Ciawi, were carried out to determine estimation of Mahalanobis genetic distance. This research was held in Magelang (Central Java) and Balitnak-Ciawi (West Java), 237 heads of rabbits were used. Eleven different body parts measured were head (length and width), ear (length and width), chest (girth, depth, and width), humerus length, radius-ulna length, tibia length and body length. General Linear Models were used in this observation (SAS package program). Simple discriminant analyses as further analyses were done for head (length and width), chest (girth, depth, and width), humerus length, radius-ulna length, tibia length and body length. ES, FG and NZWm rabbits had bigger morphological size than the others. Mahalanobis genetic distance showed that NZWm was different from NZWb, and Rexm was different from Rexb with genetic distances of 5.89139 and 6.75571 respectively. Rabbits from Magelang was different from that from Balitnak on morphometric with mahalanobis distance of 4.89426 to 6.96749. Results of canonical analysis showed that the most discriminant variables were obtained by chest girth, chest width and humerus length for first canonical and head length for second cannonical

Penelitian mengenai konformasi tubuh kelinci English Spot (ES), Flemish Giant (FG), New Zealand White (NZWm) dan Rex (Rexm) asal Magelang, Jawa Tengah dan New Zealand White (NZWb), Rex (Rexb), Satin dan RS asal Balitnak-Ciawi dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menduga jarak genetik mahalanobis di antara rumpun kelinci. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Magelang (Jawa Tengah) dan Balitnak-Ciawi (Jawa Barat) menggunakan 237 ekor kelinci. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada kepala (panjang dan lebar), telinga (panjang dan lebar), dada (lingkar, dalam dan lebar), panjang tulang humerus, panjang tulang radius-ulna, panjang tulang tibia dan panjang badan. Kelinci ES, FG dan NZWm secara umum memiliki ukuran tubuh yang lebih besar dibandingkan bangsa kelinci lainnya. Jarak genetik mahalanobis antara kelinci NZWmdan NZWb, dan kelinci Rexm dan Rexb cukup jauh, berturut-turut sebesar 5,89139 dan 6,75571. Kelinci yang berasal dari Magelang dan dari Balitnak memiliki ukuran tubuh yang berbeda dengan jarak genetik mahalanobis berkisar dari 4,89426 sampai 6,96749. Hasil analisis kanonik memperlihatkan bahwa peubah pembeda ukuran tubuh kelinci adalah lingkar dada, lebar dada dan panjang tulang humerus pada kanonik pertama dan panjang kepala pada kanonik kedua.