Gembrong Goat Rescue from Extinction Through Directional Mating Program Based on 12-Microsatellite Markers

Abstract

Gembrong goat is endemic in Karangasem Regency. At the beginning of 2013, the current population in Karang asem regency were critical (only 20 goats), and if not treated seriously then it could become extinct. The decrease in number of population was caused by the government 'slack of attention, poor-quality feed and the limited use of science and technology, especially inthe field of genetic technology that could be utilized in Gembrong goat breeding programs. The initial step was to rescue and maintain the remaining 20-Gembrong goats in the breeding centers, Tumbu village, subdistrict of Karang asem, Bali. Several activities were conducted to increase population, including identifying characteristic phenotypic, functional genes analysis and description of morphology as basic considerations in determining the authenticity of Gembrong goat. Population development efforts were carried outby mating arrangements, feeding quality, improved reproductive management, disease control and recording system. To avoid mating between close relatives (inbreeding), directional mating based on DNA fingerprint analysis was developed in this study. Pedigree detection among 23Gembrong goats were analyzed using twelve (12) microsatellite markers(MAF035, ILSTS029, BMS1494, MCM527, BM1818, OARFCB20, OARAE54, ILSTS005, SRCRSP3, MAF70, ETH10, dan ILSTS11). The results showed DNA fingerprint of the gembrong goat population was created by genetic distance between individuals, and grouping in seven clades. To increase genetic diversity, mating arrangements between different clades was applied. Output of this study are increase in number of Gembrong goat population