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      • Research Journal :: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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      • Research Journal :: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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      Dampak Free Trade Arrangements (FTA) terhadap ekonomi makro, sektoral, regional, dan distribusi pendapatan di Indonesia

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      Date
      2010
      Author
      Oktaviani, Rina
      Widyastutik
      Amaliah, Syarifah
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      Abstract
      Indonesia's commitment to be involved in the scheme of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) is expected to bring a multiplier effect for the Indonesian economy, including sectoral, regional, and household distributional impact. The study was conducted using recursive dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE) with further extension on top-down regional features. In the short term, the impact of the FTA has not seemed to significantly increase the national and regional GDP of each province. Trade liberalization scheme could potentially reduce the real income of households, the largest decline in low-income households in rural areas. Increased household income disparities need to be accounted with a serious community empowerment program to avoid social and economic conflicts. Increased competitiveness on regional and sectoral level is necessary. Improvement on market access is mandatory for several advantageous commodities. By increasing competitiveness, quality of infrastructures, and access to export markets, the export performance can be improved. From the internal side, an efficient supply chain management is also crucial to meet the desires of consumers with quality, time, price and the right amount.
       
      Komitmen Indonesia untuk terlibat dalam skema Free Trade Agreement (FTA) diekspektasikan mendatangkan multiplier effect bagi perekonomian Indonesia, tak terkecuali terhadap keragaan ekonomi sektoral, regional, dan distribusi pendapatan rumahtangga. Kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat analisis Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE). recursive dynamic dengan perluasan fitur regional dan pendekatan top-down. Dalam jangka pendek, dampak FTA belum tampak secara signifikan meningkatkan PDB nasional maupun PDRB regional masing-masing provinsi di Indonesia. Skema liberalisasi perdagangan berpotensi menurunkan pendapatan riil rumah tangga, penurunan terbesar pada rumahtangga berpendapatan rendah di pedesaaan. Peningkatan disparitas pendapatan rumah tangga, walaupun tidak begitu tinggi perlu dihadapi dengan sikap yang serius dengan program pemberdayaan masyarakat agar tidak terjadi konflik sosial dan ekonomi. Peningkatan daya saing baik daya saing wilayah maupun sektoral mutlak diperlukan dan tidak cukup mengandalkan keunggulan komparatif. Dari sisi sektoral, diperlukan peningkatan akses pasar untuk beberapa komoditi yang telah memiliki keunggulan. Dengan meningkatkan daya saing, kwalitas infrastruktur ekspor dan akses pasar, maka kinerja ekspor dapat ditingkatkan. Dari sisi internal sektoral diperlukan respon penawaran yang cepat dengan manajemen rantai pasokan yang efisien untuk memenuhi keinginan konsumen dengan kwalitas, waktu, harga dan jumlah yang tepat.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/71671
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      • Research Journal :: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia [151]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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