Analisis efektivitas program raskin dan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga miskin “kasus di Propinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2010”

Abstract

Realizing that there are still a lot of poor households (RTM) in Indonesia, the government through various programs and policies continue to improve the food security conditions of poor households, particularly through Raskin. The implementation of Raskin has been running about ten years. However, the criteria of “Enam Tepat” as indicator of success oof Raskin, has not been fully achieved. The purpose of this study consist of: Firstly, analyze the effectiveness of the Raskin program in West Java. Secondly, analyze the condition of the food security of poor households in West Java. The study was designed as a research survey with the simple random sampling method. The results showed that the actual Raskin recipients exceed the amount of targeted households (RTS) with deviations ranging from 17.33 to 164.23 percent. Deviation in the quantity indicator ranged from 14.77 to 62.15 per cent. While, the price deviations ranged from 14.26 to 40.19 per cent. For timely indicators of Raskin is generally achieved. Analysis on food security conditions of poor households show that the poor households that categorized as vulnerable on food is approximately 6.7 percent to 34.5 percent.

Menyadari bahwa masih cukup banyak RTM di Indonesia, pemerintah melalui berbagai program dan kebijakan terus berupaya membantu RTM, seperti Program Raskin. Pelaksanaan Program Raskin telah berjalan sekitar sepuluh tahun. Namun demikian kriteria 6 Tepat sebagai indikator keberhasilan Program Raskin, belum sepenuhnya dapat dicapai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Menganalisis efektivitas Program Raskin di Propinsi Jawa Barat; dan (b) Menganalisis kondisi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga miskin di Propinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian dirancang sebagai suatu penelitian survey dengan metode penarikan sampelnya adalah simple random sampling. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerima Raskin melebihi jumlah RTS yang seharusnya menerima dengan deviasi berkisar 17,33 - 164,23 persen. Deviasi pada indicator tepat kuantitas berkisar 14,77 – 62,15 persen. Adapun deviasi harga tebus berkisar 14,26 – 40,19 persen. Untuk indicator tepat waktu secara umum dapat dicapai. Analisis terhadap kondisi ketahanan pangan RTM menunjukan bahwa rumah tangga penerima raskin yang masuk kategori rentan pangan sekitar 6,7 persen sampai 34,5 persen.