Greenhouses Gases Emissions from Dairy Cattle in Indonesia

Abstract

Dairy cow population in Indonesia has currently reached 487,715 head and located mainly on Java Island, (East Central and West Java Provinces). Indonesian dairy cows contributed 3.8% to the Indonesian total greenhouse gas production, while in global level, dairy sector contributed about 4.0% to the total global anthropogenic GHG emissions. This study assesses the greenhouse gases (GHG’s) emissions from dairy cattle sector in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to compare GHG’s from Indonesian dairy cows using the IPCC (2006) guideline Tier 1 and Tier 2 method. The data was obtained from field observations in KUNAK dairy cattle village, Bogor as well as previous studies. Cow’s body weight, milk production, dry matter intake and dry matter digestibility of feed data were used in the model. Manure management system in dairy cattle was also observed. The results showed that total methane emissions calculated using Tier 1 was relatively higher than that calculated using Tier 2. Methane emission from the enteric fermentation and manure management of dairy cows calculated by Tier 1 method were 33.16 and 15.12 Gg year-1 respectively, while by Tier 2 method were 25.74 and 0.12 Gg year-1 respectively. Direct and indirect N2O (nitrous oxide) emissions from manure were 256,381, and 2,299 kg year-1 respectively. it is concluded that the total greenhouse gas emission from dairy cattle sector in Indonesia were 1,187 (Tier 1) or 671 (Tier 2) Gg CO2-eq.