Strategi Reklamasi Tanah Pascatambang Dalam Mendukung Produksi Tanaman Pangan Berkelanjutan Di Indonesia Post-Mining Land Reclamation Strategies to Support Sustainable Food Crop Production in Indonesia

Abstract

Post-mining soils in Indonesia are subject to complex biophysical degradation, including soil compaction, loss of organic fractions, deficiencies in essential nutrients, and potential contamination from heavy metals and acid-forming materials. This study aims to evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological limitations of soils in various post-mining ecosystems, specifically former tin, coal, and nickel mining sites, and to assess the effectiveness of integrated reclamation approaches for restoring soil quality and land productivity. Interventions involving the application of organic fertilizers, mineral amendments, inorganic soil conditioners, and leguminous cover crops have demonstrated significant improvements in soil aggregation, cation exchange capacity, and microbial activity. A pilot project in Air Kundur–Bukit Layang, Bangka, revealed that post-mining lands can be successfully converted into productive food crop cultivation zones within 2–3 years, achieving agronomic yields comparable to conventional farmland. The success of post-mining land reclamation is not solely dependent on technical measures, but also on participatory governance and socio-ecological integration, which are essential prerequisites for long-term sustainability and meaningful contributions to national food security