Transformasi Ekologi Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Kota: Metamorfosis dari Seoul

Abstract

The city as the built environment occupies the landscape to meet human needs. The transformation of urban land tenure into built-up areas was initially still low, but in the end this colonization became very dominant. The burden on the domination of the city's land is borne by the environment. This occupation often violates the land use and function, and exceeds the ecological capacity. Thus disturbing the ecological balance of the city. The increase in air temperature and the concentration of air pollutant substances (such as COx and NOx) due to the loss of buffer zones in the form of green open space, including protected areas, urban parks, urban forests, and various forms of plant mass are one indication. The purpose of writing this article is to provide an understanding of the function of green open space (RTH) in built-up area (urban), both ecologically and socially, through lessons learned on the success of the city of Seoul, South Korea. Seoul is one of the metropolitan cities that realizes the mistakes of past policies that damage the environment. The Seoul government initiated the construction of the Millennium Park with the concept of an Ecological Park on a non-sanitary city landfill land. Through the Landfill Recovery Project, the Seoul metropolitan government transformed the area into two twin hills resembling a flat-topped pyramid over 90 meters high.