Profil Toksisitas Limbah Kerak Kilang Minyak (Green Coke) terhadap Mencit (Mus Musculus)
Abstract
Green coke are waste resulting from oil refinement industry wich has potency as enviromental contaminant and presumed has toxic characteristic.. The aim of this research were to examine the potency of green coke as toxic and harmful waste, to determine LD50 value, and to observe the effect of green coke on body weight and reproductive system on mice as testing animal for this research. There were two kind of green coke sample. Sample 2459 collected from carrier truck and sample 2460 collected from the ship . We use LD50 assay method from OECD (2003), reproductive assay based on Watanabe (1991) and US EPA(1992) method to determine total concentration of heavy metal. Resulting data showed that green coke has no potency as toxic and harmful waste. The LD50 could not be determined because toxicity test showed that on dosage more than 5000 mg/kg body weight, there were no incident of mortality on mice. But then with UK formula method, we were able to estimated the value of LD50, in wich for green coke sample 2459 is 349.36 g/kg body weight and 3334.38 g/kg body weight for sample 2460. In general, for acute and subchronic toxicity test, there were tendency of weight decreasing in mice, along with the increasing of green coke dosage. In observation of green coke effect on reproductive systems, there were tendency that female mice administered with green coke on dose 2000 mg/kg body weight until the baby born, has delayed in birth. Also the birthweight of the baby was lower than control mice and statistically the difference is significant (P<0.05). Observation on the weight of liver, kidney and spleen, showed no difference compared to control mice. Observation on liver and kidney histopathology showed slight alteration on histology of those organs. Based on the resulting data, we concluded that green coke could be classified as non toxic and harmless substance within 30 day toxicity test observation.