Kajian Awal Potensi Tumbuhan Indigenous dan Keragaman Funginya untuk Revegetasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah di Pulau Bangka

Abstract

Activity of tin mining had negative impact on the ecosystem including decreasing in soil fertility. Effort had been done to revegetate the post tin mining land, however, the plant used was mainly Acacia mangium. This because the plant was ease to grow in marginal land, including post tin mining site. The potential indigenous plant is defined as indigenous plants that have potency to be used in revegetation program of the post tin mining land. The objective of this research was to examine the potency of indigenous plants and diversity of fungi that were associated with the potential plant for revegetation program of post tin mining land. Five experimental sites were selected, they were revegetated lands of 0 year (Jongkong 5E), 3 years (Jongkong 24), 16 years (Jongkong1), and 28 years (Nibung 2), and secondary forest as a control treatment. The parameters mesuared for determining the potency of indigenous plants were Important Value Index, production and decomposition rate of litter fall. The soil characteristics that were determined plant growth such as physical and chemical properties were also measured. Litter fall analysis was carried out based on predominant tree found in all sites. Fungal diversity was studied by isolation and identification of the fungi grown in roots, leaf litters, and rhizosfers. The vegetation analysis showed that the plants were grow in all research sites were Dyera costulata, Schima wallichii, and Acacia mangium. The production and decomposition rate of litter fallnin all sites were varied. The production of litter fall from Acacia mangium in Jongkong 1 was 3.79x10-4 ton/ha/year. The highest decomposition rate of litter fall was found Nibung 2 from Dyera costulata was 16.36/year with residience time 0.06 years. The fungal diversity isolated from dominant vegetation in tree stage category was high. The average of each plant harboured 26-30 fungi that were grown in roots, leaf litters, and rhizosfers of the plants. Trichoderma was the dominant fungi. Based on the data of vegetation analysis, production and decomposition rate of litter fall and fungal diversity, Dyera costulata and Schima wallichii were the potentional plants for revegetation program of post tin mining land.