In Vitro Potential of Antibacterial Marine Microalgae Extract Chaetoceros gracilis using Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteria

Abstract

Acne is common skin disease which can be found in society. Antibiotic was a treatment that always used to be solved this disease. Utilization of antibiotic has been facing a problem. Resistance of bacteria toward antibiotic has become one problem in acne treatment. Antibiotic resistance can be prevented through using new antibiotic compound. Marine microalgae Chaetoceros gracilis can be used as new antibiotic resources in acne treatment. The aim of this research was to determine in vitro antibacterial activity of C. gracilis toward Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Antibacterial activity was tested by inhibition index and cell membrane leakage. Cultivation of marine microalgae biomass produced yield was 0.12 g/L. Yield of microalgae C. gracilis extract which obtained was 47.40%. Extract capable inhibited the growth of S. epidermidis based on the highest antibacterial activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of extract was 0.4 mg/mL and have caused the cell membrane leakage. The leakage of genetic material was more higher than protein in bacteria cell membrane. Active compounds contained in extract were alkaloid and steroid.