Daya Tahan Pembekuan Semen Empat Genetik Ayam Lokal pada Program Kriopreservasi Plasma Nutfah Indonesia

Abstract

Chicken is a very common animal in Indonesia, and has been shown high potential as meat and eggs producer. Semen cryopreservation as one way to preserve endangered local chicken breed. The purpose of this study was to compare the genetic quality by analyze of sperm quality of various local chicken breed, determine the best cyoprotectant concentration (dimethyl sulfoxide/ DMSO), glycerol, and dimethyl acetamide/ DMA) in ringer lactate egg yolk extender in different breed and to compare freezing capability among breed using the best concentration of cryoprotectant in each breed. The research was conducted into 5 step; 1) comparison of fresh semen quality among local chicken breed 2) determination the best DMSO concentration in Ringer's lactate diluent egg yolk (RLEY) of kampung chicken breed 3) determination of the best glycerol concentration in RLEY of sentul chicken breed 4) determination of the DMA concentration in RLEY of kampung broiler cross breed 5) to compare freezing capability among local chicken breed using the best cryoprotectan concentration of each breed. Step 1 to step 4 were design using completely randomized and step 5 using factorial design. The results showed that fresh semen of pelung chicken demonstrated higher quality compare to other. The use of 7% DMSO was the best concentration of frozen semen compared to 5% and 9% of kampung chicken breed. Glycerol 5% using was the best concentration in frozen semen compared with 7% and 9% of sentul chicken breed. For kampung broiler cross breed, 9% DMA more suitable compare to 5% and 7%. When compare between 5% glicerol, 7% DMSO, and 9% DMA for kampung chicken, sentul chicken, pelung chicken, and kampung broiler cross breed, 5% glicerol demonstrated the best cryoprotectan for all breed chicken. Recovery rate (RR) of sentul was higher than kampung chicken, sentul chicken, pelung chicken, and kampung broiler cross breed. Breed and type cryoprotectan influenced the decrease of spermatozoa motility during freezing process.