Profil Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antikalkuli Ekstrak Air Daun Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus) secara In Vitro dan In Vivo

Abstract

Catharanthus roseus leaves have been traditionally used for kidney stone’s treatment, but scientifically study about it hasnot been done. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical component and examine the anticalculi activity aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseus in vitro and in vivo. Phytochemical analysis is conducted qualitatively. In vitro anticalculi activity carried out to observe the decay of calcium oxalate in various concentration of extract. In vivo testing using aqueous extract with dose 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg in induced Sprague dawley rats by ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 1% ad libitum for 10 days. Phytochemical components contained in aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseus include of alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and triterpenoids. Aqueous extract with 5% concentration has the highest ability to decay calcium oxalate that is equal to 262.13 ± 12.36 ppm. Aqueous extract could increase body weight and decrease serum creatinine along with the rat kidney’s calcium, but it couldn’t reduce the number of renal crystal deposition. This indicates that aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseu leaves don’t have anticalculi activity.