DETERMINAN STUNTING ANAK BADUTA: ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2010

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the determinants of stunting in young children of 0–23 months old (YC) using the data from Riskesdas 2010. From 6,634 YC in the data, 3,539 were screened out.Nutritional status data were processed using the WHO AntroPlus, while the other data/statistics were processed using the Excel and SPSS programs. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the determinants. The analysis indicated that the prevalence of stunting in the YC was 37.4%. The higher the age the higher the prevalence of stunting, namely 24.5% in children 0-5 months, 32.8% in children 6–11 months, and 40.2% in children 12–23 months. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that each of these variables: age, birth-weight, children’s weight, protein density, mother’s height, and family economic status, was strongly correlated with the height for age z-score (stunting status) among YC. This model was entirely correct in predicting the 66.6% linear growth of the YC. The risk of stunting in children 6–11 months and 12–23 are 1.52 and 2.04 times respectively compared to children 0–5 months. The risk of stunting in children with low birth-weight (LBW) was 1.81 times higher compared to children born with normal weight. As much as 62.3% of underweight YC were stunted. Underweight YC had 3.07 times of stunting risk. Low density of protein intake of YC, stunted mothers (< 145 cm) and low income family status (quintiles 1 and 2) also increased the risk of YC stunting. Protein density simply described the nutritional quality of the YC diet. This nation-wide study confirms the result of previous overseas studies. Therefore, the prevention of stunting need to be done comprehensively through the improvement of health, nutrition and economy. The implication for Indonesia is the prevention of stunting of the YC should be done during both pregnancy and the YC aged by improving the health and nutrition of pregnant mothers, increasing the food quality for YC, and increasing the income of low income families.