Studi Kekerabatan dan Morfologi Padi Lokal Adan Hasil Mutasi Sinar Gamma

Abstract

Adan rice is a variety of rice grown in the highlands of East Kalimantan with only once harvest every year. Mutation by gamma rays on this Adan rice make its age of ripening more early in order to increase its productivity. Analysis of molecular and morphological from Adan rice mutant has not been done before. That analysis needs to be conducted to compare the differences between wildtype of rice and mutant Adan rice. This research aimed at showed diversity or similarity of wildtype Adan rice and mutant Adan rice used microsatellite or SSR markers. The dendogram obtained from molecular analysis SSR showed that wildtype Adan rice and mutant Adan rice (BMA 1-9) are located in same large group with 58% similarity coefficient. Mutant rice is similar to the wildtype in the BMA 3 and BMA 9 groups. Mutations with gamma rays shortened on flowering and increased the number of productive tillers to 96%. Mutations of gamma rays also shortened the height of rice mutants until 20%, reduced the total number of tillers from mutant rice until 44%, and reduced the number of leaf yellowing mutant rice until 66%.