Perilaku disolusi ketoprofen tersalut gel kitosan-karboksimetilselulosa (CMC)

Abstract

Abstract : Chitosan, a modification of shrimp-shell waste, has been utilized as microcapsule. However, it’s fragile gel property needs to be strengthened by adding glutaraldehyde (glu) and carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC). CMC, roled as an interpenetrating agent, and glutaraldehyde, roled as a cross-linker, will create a three-dimensional network with chitosan. Study dissolution behaviour of ketoprofen through optimum chitosan-CMC microcapsule has been carried out. Into 228.6 mL of 1.0% (w/v) chitosan solution in 1% (v/v) acetic acid, 38.1 mL of CMC solution was added with concentration variation of 0.075; 0.0875; and 0.10% (w/v). Afterwards, 7.62 mL of glu was added slowly under stirring, with concentrations varied: 3; 4.5; and 6% (v/v). All mixtures were shaked for 20 minutes for homogenization. Into each microcapsule mixture for ketoprofen, a solution of 2 g of ketoprofen in 250 mL of 96% ethanol was added. Every mixture was then added with 5 mL of 2% Tween-80 and stirred with magnetic stirrer for an hour at room temperature. Conversion of suspension into fine powders/granules (microcapsules) was done by using spray dryer. The dissolution behaviour of optimum ketoprofen microcapsules were investigated in gastric and intestinal medium. Microcapsule morphology before and after dissolution as well as empty microcapsule (blank) were observed with SEM. Spray drying process had successfully coated ketoprofen in chitosan-CMC microcapsule. Optimization by using Minitab Release 14 software showed that among the microcapsule compositions studied, [CMC] and [glu] of 0.0925% (w/v) and 3.01% (v/v), respectively, optimum to coat ketoprofen at constant chitosan concentration (1.0% [w/v]). In vitro dissolution profile showed that chitosan-CMC gel microcapsule was relatively well than chitosan-guar gum gel microcapsule. Kinetically, dissolution of ketoprofen from microcapsule in intestinal pH condition was first order with release rate constant, k, of 7.285 × 10-4 % min-1 and release half-time, t1/2, of approximately 15 hours. Morphology of the surface microcapsule after dissolution test showed that ketoprofen microcapsules either in gastric or intestinal pH were still relatively intact after 90 minutes.