Agronomic performance of F7 large seed soybean breeding lines in medium plains

Abstract

Hybridization between different genotypes aims to obtain descents (breeding lines) which inherits with the good characters of both parents. One of the soybean breeding program is directed to obtain new varieties with higher yield potential, wide adaptation, desirable agronomic traits and large seed. A total of 60 F7 soybean breeding lines (origin crosses of Tanggamus x Local Tegal , Sibayak x Local Tegal, and Sibayak x Argomulyo), selected in 2007, and four large seed standard varieties (Argomulyo, Burangrang, Anjasmoro, and Panderman) were evaluated in rice fields, Sukasono Village, Sukawening Subdistrict, Garut District, West Jawa, Indonesia (at 700 m above sea level) on the early dry season (February-May) 2008. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. Experimental plot size was 0.9 x 4.0 m, spacing of 45 x 10 cm, one plant per hill. Intensive techniques cultivation involves fertilizing with 75 kg urea, 200 kg SP36, and 150 kg KCl per ha, controlling of weeds, pests and diseases were carried out. Irrigation was applied when there was no rain. The results showed that there was variability of seed yield and agronomic traits among the breeding lines tested. Among the 60 F7 breeding lines, eight lines were significantly better yield than Anjasmoro (best standar variety), namely U-719-1- 1, U-509-1-1, U-714-1-1, V-159-1-3, V-426-1-2, V-421-1-1, V-563-1-1, and V-570-1-2 with a yield capacity ranged from 2.5 to 2.7 t/ha, meanwhile Anjasmoro yielded at 2.3 t/ha. Breeding lines of U-719-1-1 and U-714-1- 1 had a moderate seed size (12.0 to 12.5 g/100 seeds); V-159-1-3 and V-570-1-2 had a slightly large seed (13.6 g/100 seeds), and U-509-1-1, V-426-1-2, V-421-1-1 and V-563-1-1 had a large seed (14.6 to 15.6 g/100 seeds). Breeding line with the U and V code were derived from Tanggamus x Lokal Tegal and Sibayak x Local Tegal crosses, respectively. Plant height was suggested as a criterion of selection for high yield.