Kinetin and calcium pantothenate effects on shoot multiplication in in vitro cultured cassava var. Adira 2 and adira 4

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is one of largest carbohydrate sources in the world which also potentially developed as the source of bio-energy and raw materials for severals industries. As the demand for cassava is increasing, it is very important to supply the true-to-type cassava seedling continuously. In vitro propagation is one advanced technique that can be applied to meet the increasing demand of cassava seedling. The objective of the research was to study the effect of kinetin and Calcium Pantothenate (CaP) concentration on shoot multiplication of in vitro cultured cassava var. Adira 2 and Adira 4. This research was conducted in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was kinetin concentration (0; 1; 1.5; and 3 ppm) and the second factor was concentration of CaP (0; 1; and 2 ppm) used in combination. The results showed that MS medium supplemented with 1 ppm CaP and 1.5 ppm kinetin promoted the growth of cassava explants of Adira 2 variety until 4 Weeks After Treatment (WAT). However, for longer culture period MS medium containing 3 ppm of BAP was better to support the explants growth. MS Medium containing 1 ppm of CaP and 3 ppm of kinetin promoted the growth of Adira 4 variety until 4 WAT. However, for longer culture period MS medium containing 2 ppm of CaP and 3 ppm of kinetin was better to support the explants growth. The highest shoot multiplication rate for 20 weeks old plantlets of Adira 2 and Adira 4 varieties was obtained at MS medium containing 3 ppm of BAP.