Population Projection with Birth and Death Process

Abstract

A population projection is a scientific calculation based on certain assumptions of births, deaths, and migration. These three components determine the size of the population in the future. The aims of this study are to develop population projection model using birth and death process and to apply the model to Indonesian population data. This study uses four steps of modelling process. First, we develop a model of birth and death process with migration. Second, we verify the model using 1990 Indonesian population data and compare the result with the real data. Third, using the model we estimate population projection for the years 2000-2025 based on Indonesian population data of the year 2000 and compare the result with population projection for years 2000-2025 by BPS. Finally, we estimate population projection for years 2010-2035 based on Indonesian population data of the year 2010. The advantage of this model is that we can give the confidence interval of the estimate besides the value of estimation. The difference between our projection based on 1990 Indonesian data and the real data is below 10%, and the difference between our projection based on Indonesian data of the year 2000 and projection by BPS is less than 6%.