Studi Aplikasi Knapsack Sprayer, Knapsack Power Sprayer, dan Boom Sprayer di PT Laju Perdana Indah, Palembang, Sumatera Selatan

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to determine effectiveness, herbiciding cost, and performance of weed control using knapsack sprayer (KS), knapsack power sprayer (KPS), and boom sprayer (BS) in dry land sugar cane area at Laju Perdana Indah Company, Palembang, South Sumatera. Three kind of sprayers were applied for herbiciding on March 2012. Knapsack sprayer and knapsack power sprayer were manually operated by operator, were as boom sprayer was mechanically operated by 75 hp (56 kW) tractor. Active substances were use for herbiciding are 2,4 D-amina, ametryn, paraquat, sticker, glyphosate, and diuron with dosage range of (0.5-2.5) litre/ha. Research showed that herbiciding effectiveness and efficiency using three kind of sprayers gave different results. KPS was more effective than KS because percentage killed weeds after herbiciding using KPS is 77.0%, however using KS is (53.6-59.5)%. Average operational speed when at herbiciding using KS, KPS, and BS were 0.56 m/sec, 0.59 m/sec, and 2.00 m/sec respectively, so that it gave big influence for effective field capacity were (0.10-0.11) ha/hour, 0.20 ha/hour, and 2.66 ha/hour respectively. Herbicide Solutions discharge using KS, KPS, and BS were (60.69-65.40) litre/hour, 85.30 litre/hour, and 1206.00 litre/hour respectively, so that it gave result for throwput capacity are (588.64-617.01) litre/ha, 418.94 litre/ha, and 453.87 litre/ha. Difference in kind of sprayers would gave different performance. Herbiciding inefficiency using KS and KPS were (47.2- 54.3)% and 4.7%, so that it dissipation (188.64-217.01) litre/ha and 18.94 litre/ha, therefore using BS was most economically because it could economize hebicide solutions consumption of 24.4% or 146.13 litre/ha. Herbiciding cost using KS, KPS, and BS were Rp (294,925.75-303,230.95)/ha, Rp 317,575.82/ha, Rp 127,712.46/ha respectively. Herbiciding time using KS, KPS, and BS were (9- 10.17) hour/ha, 4.91 hour/ha, and 0.38 hour/ha respectively. The herbiciding effectiveness on the field for KS was (82.6-82.8)% with killed weeds percentage was (53.6-59.5)% and KPS was 93.7% with killed weeds percentage was 77%. KPS was more effective in hebiciding than KS and BS was the most efficient sprayer for herbiciding in dry land sugar cane area.