Kajian Tingkat Kerusakan dan Masa Simpan Alpukat pada Rantai Pasok Pasar Wisata Bogor

Abstract

As one of the horticultural commodities, avocados have a high enough level of damage in the process of distribution to the hands of consumers. This study aimed to map the avocado supply chain in the market which are located in Bogor tourist areas, then analyze the mechanical damage and shelf life, analyze the cost structure of production and the break even point, analyze the added value in each of the entities in the supply chain. Data analysis methods used were descriptive and quantitative analysis. The focus of the avocado supply chain entities in this study consisted of traders, wholesalers and retailers. There were four patterns of avocado supply chain flow. Retailers in Sari Barokah got avocados from two channels, that were traders and farmers. Retailers with large-scale in Pasar Bogor got avocados from wholesalers, while others got avocados directly from farmer. Mechanical damage occurred in the retailers was about 63.93%. Observations indicated the shelf life of rotten avocado at 9th day reached 51.07%, while the other was severely degraded avocado followed by a decline in selling prices. Amount of traders average total cost who supply to Sari Barokah and Pasar Bogor were respectively Rp 3,639.21 / kg and Rp 1,682.18 / kg. Average total cost at the wholesaler level was Rp 3,385.45 / kg. Average total cost of retailers in Sari Barokah and Pasar Bogor respectively Rp 5.965 / kg and Rp 4,924.73 / kg. Sales in each entity has exceeded the breakeven point. Traders who supply to the Sari Barokah and Pasar Bogor each earn added value ratio of 21.29% and 46.09% with the rate of profit respectively 18.76% and 41.58%. Ratio of added value that wholesaler earned were 41.59% and 41.16% rate of profit. The average of retailers added value in Sari Barokah and Pasar Bogor were respectively 33.26% and 44.21% with 31.17% and 43.45% average rate of profit.