Kajian alat dan mesin dalam pengelolaan serasah tebu pada perkebunan tebu lahan kering pg takalar

Abstract

Agricultural waste in form of sugarcane litter is an organic material that can be reused as compost. To process sugarcane litter into compost take several technology that can facilitate the process. The objectives of this research were; 1) to determine the potential of sugarcane litter and to determine the machinery requirement for sugarcane litter management in PG Takalar, 2) to design an applicator for compost made of sugarcane litter that can be used for a plant cane and ratoon in dry land, 3) to identify the quality of sugarcane litter compost and to analyze the influence of the compost to soil physical and mechanical properties, soil fertility, and ratoon crop growth, 4) to analyze the benefit and feasibility of sugarcane litter management on dry land, and 5) to develop model of sugarcane litter management in determining the number of machinery used and analyzing sugarcane litter management cost, by using dynamic model. Average availability potential of sugarcane litter in PG Takalar was 19.96% or 20% from each stem of sugarcane in total, with 4 186 ha area of PG Takalar, the potential of sugarcane litter was 32 860 ton/year. The number of machinery needed to support the mechanization of sugarcane litter management were 48 units of tractor, 13 units of trash rake, 31 units of trailer, 4 units of applicator, 18 units of chopper, 3 units of truck, 3 units of composting turner and 3 units of loader. The compost produced was appropriate with SNI 2004, Agriculture Ministry Regulation No. 2/2006 and No. 28/2009. The compost application in the sugarcane plantation will reduce production cost. The use of sugarcane litter compost in 15 ton/ha dosage was equivalent with 48 kg of N. Thus, compare with urea fertilizing dosage of 600 kg/ha, the use of 15 ton/ha of compost will reduce urea fertilizer up to 17.8%. The application of compost will reduce production cost and will increase the level of C and N organics, respectively by 8% and 21% within 4 months used of compost. It is also found that, compost positively affect the soil physical and mechanical properties. Based on the growth of high and diameter stem. The feasibility analyze showed that the mechanization of sugarcane litter management through sugarcane litter management unit in each district was feasible to be developed.