Toksisitas akut dan respon tingkah laku juvenil ikan mas Cyprinus carpio terhadap moluskisida niklosamida

Abstract

Directorate of Food Crop Protection noted that in 2007 approximately 22 110 ha of rice field pests of mulberry snails (Pomacea canaliculata) and to regions of West Java, there are 6829 hectares affected. Molluscicides containing the active ingredient of niclosamide is a pesticide used by farmers to eradicate the snail. Previously, the active ingredient in the year 1953 is used to eradicate fish lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), which is a parasite for commercial fish in the Great Lake (United States). While in use, that molluscicides have the potential for environmental damage in the surrounding waters used for aquaculture activities is one example is the cultivation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and toxicity studies of niclosamide in Indonesian has not yet been done. Therefore, research must be done to determine the acute toxicity of niklosamida on carp and carp find out the response time in direct contact with that poison. Result from this research, the acute toxicity from niclosamide toward juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) including at the level A which the power of toxicity is very high because value LC50-96 hour are smaller than 1 mg/L, that is 0.08 mg/L. Initial response of juvenile common carp when exposed the poison of niclosamide are occurrence of fish mucus secretion in the two hour at all concentrations (0.14, 0.28, 0.39, 0.54, dan 0.75 mg/L). Fish solitude which sometimes lean on the corner of the aquarium's going on hour four in the concentration of 0.39 mg/L but at a higher concentration of 0.54 mg/L and 0.75 mg/L fish swam out of balance or weak and go down to the bottom of the aquarium, sometimes with inverted body. Fish prefer to swim on the surface to breathe air that occurred on the twenty-four hour at the concentration of 0.54 mg / L. While the respon of sequel are fish swam out of balance or weak and go down to the bottom of the aquarium which sometimes happens with the body upside down in the thirty-six hours at concentrations of 0.2 mg/L, 0.54 mg/L and 0.75 mg/L. Change of the skin color becomes pale happens on the sixty hours at concentration 0.39 mg/L, 0.54 mg/L, and 0.75 mg/L.