Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor dan Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Akar Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica).

Abstract

Cagon grass (Imperata cylindrica), a wild plant, is one of the herbs plant that has been used traditionally to threat fever, cough, hypertensi, and acute hepatitis. This research was designed to study the safety level by acute toxicity test and analyze hepatoprotector activity of ethanol extract from root of Imperata cylindrica in Wistar rats induced by paracetamol. Hepatoprotector activity was measured by using biochemical parameters such as alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) and observation of histopathology. Root of Imperata cylindrica that extracted by using ethanol 70% gave rendement about 12.48%. Phytochemical test shows that ethanol extract from root of Imperata cylindrica contains alkaloid and triterpenoid. Acute toxicity test shows that ethanol extract from root of Imperata cylindrica is practically nontoxic because its LD50 is higher than 15000 mg/Kg BB. Transaminase anzyme serum analysis shows that the induction of ethanol extract of Imperata cylindrica dose 750 mg/Kg BB gives a significant effect compared with dose 250 and 500 mg/Kg BB, even with curliv as positive control. This result based on activity of ALT and AST, 68.6 and 221.2 U/L (normal group), 222.2 and 509.6 U/L (dose 750 mg/Kg BW), 491.2 and 576.4 U/L (positive control), 517.4 and 527.8 U/L (dose 500 mg/Kg BW), 555.6 and 660.0 U/L (negative control), and 558.4 and 595 U/L (dose 259 mg/Kg BW). Liver histopathology shows there is no fibrosis and other damages in liver of group VI. This result indicates that ethanol extract from root of Imperata cylindrica has a potention as hepatoprotector.