Flavonoid Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) sebagai Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Enzim α-glukosidase

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus could be caused by the presence of free radicals which damaged the pancreas cell membrane. Previous research showed that extract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acantophodium DC.) fruit possessed activity as antioxidant. However, there has been no scientific report concerning its activities as antidiabetic. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the in vitro mechanism of Z. acantophodium fruit extract as antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor. Andaliman macerated by four solvents, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water, as solvent for extraction. Antioxidant activity was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis -3- ethylbenzathiazolin -6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) method, and inhibition of enzyme α-glucosidase using substrate p-nitrofeyl-α-D-glucopyranoside. Results of this research showed that methanol extract had the highest activities, both as antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor. This extract was separated by column chromatography yielded six fractions (A-F). The most active fraction as α-glucosidase inhibitor was fraction C and for antioxidant was fraction E. These two fractions were further separated using preparative thin layer chromatography. The best antioxidants with DPPH method was fraction E2 (IC50 137.46 ppm), for ABTS method was crude methanol extract (IC50 30.04 ppm), while for α-glucosidase inhibitors was the fraction C (IC50 16 ppm). Based on the results of data analysis by Infrared and UV-Vis, showed that the main active compound contained in fraction C2 and E2 were the of aurones and flavanones of flavanoid group.