The Origin of Madura Cattle Based on Mitochondrial DNA

Abstract

Madura cattle was one of native cattle from Indonesia. The origin of madura cattle had not known clearly. Many reports said that madura cattle came from the crosses of Bos javanicus (banteng), Bos taurus and Bos indicus. To understand the maternal inheritance in madura cattle, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence of Cyt b gen, tRNA Thr and Pro, also Dloop region from mitochondrial genom. The reconstruction of phylogenetic tree using Neighbour Joining Method based on Kimura 2 Parameter showed that madura cattle grouped into two types, that are B. javanicus type and B. indicus type. This research result supported many authors that there were a mixing of the maternal origin of madura cattle. Further investigation is needed to determine the origin madura cattle based on paternal liniages and mitochondrial diversity. This conservation investigation is needed to improve quality of madura cattle.