Perbandingan metode ekstraksi daging biji picung (pangium edule Reinw.) dan uji toksisitas terhadap Artemia salina Leach

Abstract

Correct extraction method can maximized the extraction of picung seed flesh’s components without changing their properties. Seeking of the best extraction method towards picung seed flesh giving the highest toxicity effect to Artemia salina Leach was done in this research. Picung seed flesh was extracted by maceration and soxhletation methods with methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane. Water steam distillation method was also done. The toxicity of crude extracts were tested against A. salina with concentration of 1000, 100, and 10 ppm. The test showed that methanol maceration extract had the highest toxicity effect with lethal concentration 50% (LC50) of 274.26 ppm. This extract was then fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography, using methanol-chloroform-butanol (1:9:0.05) as the eluent, and five fractions were obtained. The separated components were tested against A. salina and fraction III was shown to be toxic with LC50 of 470.08 ppm. The phytochemical assay result of this fraction showed the presence of alkaloid.