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      Antimicrobial Activity of Sponge-Haliclona sp.-Associated Bacteria and Their Genetics Analysis

      Aktivitas Senyawa Bioaktif Antimikrob dari Isolat Bakteri yang Bersimbiosis dengan Spons Haliclona sp. dan Telaah Genetiknya

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Banoet, Yonatan
      Wahyudi, Aris Tri
      Budiarti, Sri
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      Abstract
      Three marine bacterial isolates isolated from sponge-Haliclona sp. coded as HAL-13, HAL-74, and HAA-01 produced broad spectrum of antimicrobial compounds. Extraction of antimicrobial compounds has been performed using n-butanol and ethyl acetate solvent. Bacterial crude extracts from all of these isolates showed broad spectrum activity against bacterial and fungal test strains, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli K1-1, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. Crude extract from HAL-13 showed the highest antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal test strain. Analysis of active spot from thin layer chromatography plate was conducted by bioautography technique. At least one spot from each bacterial crude extract has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli K1-1. Purification of antimicrobial compounds from HAL-13 were performed using column chromatography with chloroform-methanol solvent system. Thirty-seven fractions were collected from column chromatography, five fractions of which have antimicrobial activity. DNA fragment of ketosynthase of polyketide synthase genes cluster from HAL-13, HAL-74, HAA-01 were amplified and successfully cloned into pGEMT-Easy. Sequences analysis showed that they had homology with PKS type of 1 B. subtilis BSN5 for HAL 13 and HAA-01, and PKS type 1 of B. amyloliquefaciens for HAL-74.
       
      Hewan spons saat telah menjadi sumber alternatif dalam eksplorasi berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas biologis terutama senyawa antibiotik. Komunitas mikroba yang beragam dan berjumlah besar pada hewan spons telah diketahui merupakan sumber dari berbagai senyawa bioaktif tersebut. Tiga isolat bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan spons Haliclona sp. yang diberi kode HAL-13, HAL-74, dan HAA-01 mampu menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif antimikrob berspektrum luas yang aktif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan enteropatogenik Escherichia coli K1-1 maupun cendawan patogen Candida albicans dan Candida tropicalis. Ekstrak kasar senyawa antimikrob yang dihasilkan dari salah satu kultur isolat, yaitu HAL-13 memiliki aktivitas antimikrob berspektrum luas terbaik dibandingkan aktivitas ekstrak kasar senyawa antimikrob dari kedua isolat lainnya, yaitu HAL-74 dan HAA-01. Fraksinasi terhadap ekstrak kasar senyawa antimikrob dari isolat HAL-13 menghasilkan 37 fraksi senyawa. Lima fraksi diantaranya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan enteropatogenik Escherichia coli K1-1. Kelima fraksi aktif tersebut diberi kode BS13-5, BS13-11, BS13-7, BS13-2, dan BS13-3. Empat senyawa aktif diperoleh dari fraksi BS13-5, sedangkan dua senyawa aktif dan satu senyawa aktif masing-masing diperoleh dari fraksi BS13-11 dan BS13-7.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53336
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      • MT - Mathematics and Natural Science [4149]

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