Kompatibilitas Sambungan Beberapa Aksesi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.) Unggulan untuk Memacu Produksi pada Lahan Masam

Abstract

Grafting in physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an effective methode to improve plant yield by combining distinc rootstock and scion in other to grow better and high yield under marginal land. The aim of the study was to find the best combination of graft compatibility between Jatropha curcas accessions to improve yield under marginal land especially on acid soils. The experiment was conducted in polybag using compeletely randomize design with three factors. The first factor was four J.curcas accessions (B3, J2, JB, and S1) as rootstock. The second factor was two J.curcas accessions (IP3A and IP3P) as scion. The third factor was the type of soils i.e. Sawah Baru Andosol soil (M1) and Jasinga podzolic red yellow (M2). The parameters were observed consist of scion elongation, stem diameter, number of leaf, number of branch, root and shoot dry weight, flowering and yield. The result showed that growth parameters except number of branch were not influenced by the type of soil. Succesfully of grafting were 95.1 percent. It was determined by compatibility of rootstock and scion. In general, scion elongation, stem diameter, root dry weight and shoot dry weight significantly determined by rootstocks. Rootstocks of JB, B3, and S1 showed higher growth rates than rootstocks J2. Anatomical observation indicated that graft union formation in IP3A slower than IP3P. While, flowering and yield were determined by accession of scion. Percentage of flowering in IP3P and IP3A in all combinations with rootstocks were 100% and 25% respectively. It can be concluded that JB/3P, B3/3P, S1/3P, J2/3P, B3/3A, and S1/3A were the best and potencial combinations to improve yield on acid soils.