Analisis Sebaran Kemiskinan dan Faktor Penyebab Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Lebak

Abstract

The problem of this study comes from the current issues related to the poverty, unemployment, inadequate quality of public services and the gap between regions due to the implementation of decentralization and regional autonomy. Structural imbalance is one of the major factors which influence the gap between the province and the new districts due to the economic activity which rely on specific areas such as the primary sector and the traditional agriculture; the effect of resource limitations on the rates of unemployment and poverty; the impact of minimum access to health facilities and education on human development index; the impact of insufficient infrastructure due to insufficient budgetary allocation on the quality of infrastructure. Some important efforts are undertaken to raise the economic growth rate which in turn to improve the welfare and the economy. The study aims to ( 1) analyze the pattern of spatial distribution of poverty in Lebak, (2) analyze the causes of poverty in Lebak, and (3) analyze the local government policies for poverty alleviation. Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran and Geary Indexs), descriptive of visualspatial analysis, spatial regression, and descriptive analysis are undertaken. The results shows that the population poverty distribution and the poverty density tend to form clustered patterns (poverty pockets); and the poverty in village, number of productive couples, distance to population concentrations, number of farmers, distance to vocational education facilities, distance to the market, distance to the industry areas as well as the distance to the areas of concentration and topography. Based from the visual spatial analysis, that shows the government program to decreased of the pockets of poverty to the local communities not to through the regional policies, with the priority of the government policy are the second ones (J3 K3, J3 K4, J4 K3). While for the population poverty distribution and the poverty density has been to priority of the government in Lebak Regency.