In vitro analysis of biphasic calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite as bone implants

Abstract

The minimum requirement of synthetic biomaterial is must be biocompatible. Biocompatibility means that material is nontoxic and able to interact with the host cells. The analysis of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect toxicity. Interaction between cells and bone implants were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Previously, hydroxyapatite is well known as biocompatible implantable materials. But, the dense hydroxyapatite is almost non-resorbable when used as bone implant. In the other hand, the porous β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) displays affinity for high speed biological degradation. TCP was later identified as Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).