Rekayasa Proses Produksi, Karakterisasi dan Aplikasi Alkil Poliglikosida (APG) Berbasis Alkohol Lemak C12 (Dedocanol) dan Pati Sagu sebagai Surfaktan dalam Formulasi Herbisida

Abstract

Alkyl poliglycoside (APG) is a non ionic surfactant which is commonly used in some products like herbicides, personal care products, cosmetics and textile bleachings. APG is new generation of surfactant that is environmental friendly. Raw materials of APG are fatty alcohol from palm oil or palm kernel oil and carbohydrates like the strach, that make APG as biodegradable surfactant. The aim of research was to obtain non ionic surfactant alkyl polyglycosides (APG) based on sago starch and fatty alcohol C12 (dodecanol). This research is modification of production process of APG two steps method, in order to obtain optimum condition temperature of butanolysis and mol ratio of sago starch- dodecanol to emulsion stability (water : xylene), characterisisation of APG, herbicide formulation and its hebicide formulation effectiveness. Result of response surface, showed that emulsion stability (water:xylene) added APG (%) was 72.58% at temperature of butanolysis 147.8°C and at ratio of sago starch-dodekanol 1:3.27 (w/w). Validation showed that emulsion stability (water : xylene) with addtion of APG was 72.3%. Equation model of optimum condition was Y= 64.29 + 35.53Xi - 29.82Xi2 - 9.63X2 - 23.09X22 -20.56XiX2 which similar with experimental data. APG at 1 % (w/v) was able to decrease surface tension 23.375 dyne/cm and interfacial tension between water : xylene at APG concentration of 0.4% (w/v) was 8.17 dyne/cm. Value of HLB was 8.8 so that of this surfactant emulsion of oil in water (O/W) and wetting agent. APG pH in optimum process condition was 7.15. Application of herbicide formulation (glyphosate and APG surfactant) that was stored five weeks at temperature of 15°C, room temperatur (26-29°C) and 40°C showed high effectiveness. The storage temperature was not significantly different on herbicide efectiveness.