The Performance of Bali Cattle Fed Ration Containing Pleurotus osteorus Fermented and Urea-Ammoniated Sago Waste

Abstract

Sago waste is an agricultural by product with low nutritive value. The present experiment was designed to study the effects of using treated sago meal to substitute grasses on Bali cattle productivity. Fifteen young male Bali cattle, approximately 18-month of age were allocated to experimental treatments according to the average weight of the animal in a randomized complete block design. Native grass was used in the experiment. The dietary treatments were (1) 60% grasses and 40% concentrate, as control, (2) substituting 15% of grasses with fermented sago waste, (3) substituting 30% of grasses with fermented sago waste, (4) substituting 15% of grasses with ammoniated sago waste, and (5) substituting 30% of grasses with ammoniated sago waste. The results showed that substituting 50% of the grass with treated sago waste gave the greatest daily weight gain (0.66kg) as compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). Intake and digestibility of feed dry matter, organic matter and fiber components were not significantly different among treatments. However, the digestibility of ADF and cellulose were greater when 15% and 30% of the grass were substituted with fermented sago waste. The feed to gain ratio was most efficient in the animal receiving 50% bioprocessed sago waste as substitute of native grass. The rumen characteristics showed that concentration of NH3 and VFAs were not significantly different among treatments. It was concluded that bio-fermentation of sago waste using Pleurotus ostreatus and ammoniation with urea improved its nutritive value and could be used to substitute native grass for cattle.