Rancang bangun sistem penunjang keputusan pengembangan agroindustri kelapa sawit untuk perekonomian daerah

Abstract

Produk pertanian dan agroindustri meningkat peranannya dalam pembangunan nasional, terutama sejak terjadinya krisis ekonomi tahun 1997. Kondisi tersebut mendorong pengembangan ekonomi berbasis bahan baku dalam negeri (resources based industry) sebagai kornoditi andalan ekspor penghssil devisa. Selain itu pertanian dan agroindustri juga berperan dalarn menyerap tenaga kerja, rnendorong pemerataan pembangunan, pernacu pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rakyat, dan pendorong pengembangan wilayah. Globalisasi perdagangan dengan tingkat persaingan yang tinggi menuntut dikembangkannya keunggulan komparatif agroindustri kelapa sawit (AGROSAWIT) ke arah keunggulan kompetitif. Untuk itu diperlukan peningkatan mutu kebijakan dan pengelolaan yang profesional pada seluruh mata rantai sistem mulai dari pembibitan, budidaya, pasca panen, pengolahan, transportasi, distribusi dan pemasaran.

Main objective of this policy research was to design the Decision Support System (DSS) for regional base oil-palm agroindustrial development strategy. By using system approach and methodology, the DSS AGROSAWIT was produced to achieve optimal solutions regarding to various stakeholders needs. Analytical tools to solve conflicting factors was programmed in GO-AGRO Model through application of Fibonacci optimization technique and heuristic simultaneous equations. Strategic planning process was supported by series of system methods such as the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM), Exponential Comparative Method (ECM), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data was gathered by expert survey in complementer with simulation. Case study at North-Sumatra plantations was conducted to verify GO-AGRO Model. It was found that the model was useful to support decisions on TBS pricing, technological selection, labour wages negotiation, tax determination and industrial waste utilization. The model has flexibility to adjust any changes on system inputs such as CPO price on world market and cost of fertilizers. Application of DSS AGROSAWIT on current oil-palm business suggested that system outcomes should prioritize on local community welfare and increasing farmers income. Major factors to achieve most desirable system outputs are business financing and market infrastructures. While government involvement still on request, the farmers institution such as common marketing unit must take stronger role. This study recommended policy actions on optimizing TBS price, better regional labour wages (UMR) and equal distribution of tax in favour of local government, and re-engineering of institution.