Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Lipase Pankreas Hasil Fraksinasi Kencur (Kaempferia galanga) In Vitro

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan kondisi akumulasi lemak berlebih di dalam jaringan yang menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan dan memicu inflamasi. Orlistat merupakan obat yang digunakan untuk pengobatan obesitas, namun memiliki efek berbahaya. Kaempferia galanga dilaporkan berperan sebagai obat antiobesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas inhibisi lipase pankreas ekstrak kasar dan hasil fraksinasi kencur secara in vitro. K. galanga diekstraksi menggunakan metode sonikasi pelarut etanol 70% dan dilanjutkan fraksinasi menggunakan n-heksana, kloroform, etil asetat, dan air. Kemudian, dilakukan uji kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total, kapasitas antioksidan, serta aktivitas inhibisi lipase pankreas. Hasil kadar fenolik total tertinggi pada fraksi air (53,44 mg GAE/g ekstrak). Fraksi etil asetat mengandung kadar flavonoid total tertinggi (185,16 mg QE/g ekstrak). Ekstrak kasar memiliki kapasitas antioksidan tertinggi pada DPPH dan FRAP, berturut-turut sebesar 866,84 mg TE/g ekstrak dan 231,42 mg TE/g ekstrak. Aktivitas penghambatan lipase pankreas ekstrak kasar (92,40%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan orlistat (88,46%). Senyawa fenolik dan kapasitas antioksidan berkorelasi kuat terhadap inhibisi lipase pankreas.

Obesity is a condition where excess fat accumulates in the tissues which causes health problems and triggers inflammation. Orlistat is a drug used to treat obesity, but it has adverse effects. Kaempferia galanga is reported to act as an anti-obesity drug. This study aimed to determine total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity from fractionation and crude extract of aromatic ginger in vitro. K. galanga was extracted using sonication method with 70% ethanol and continued with fractionation using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water. The test results for the highest total phenolic content were in water fraction (53,44 mg GAE/g extract). The ethyl acetate fraction contained the highest total flavonoid content (185,16 mg QE/g extract). The crude extract had the highest antioxidant capacity of DPPH and FRAP, respectively 866,84 and 231,42 mg TE/g extract. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of crude extract (92,40%) was higher than orlistat (88,46%). Phenolic and antioxidant capacity were strongly correlated with pancreatic lipase inhibition.