Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Biotransformed Compound by Endophyitic Microbe from Turmeric.

Abstract

Turmeric is contains curcumin that known has antibacterial activity. On the other hand turmeric has endophytic microbe that live in their tissues. Endophytic microbe potentially as biotransformation agent of active compound of their hosts. The aim of this research was to obtain pure extract of curcumin biotransformed compound by endophytic microbe from turmeric and to know antibacterial activity of that compound. Curcumin biotransformed compound was extracted from endophytic microbe culture with technical ethyl acetate. That extract then separated using column chromatography with solvents n-hexane, nhexane- ethyl acetate (20:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (2:1), chloroform-methanol(10:1), and chloroform-methanol (5:1). And then purified using preparative layer chromatography with eluent chloroform-methanol (10:1). All of extracts were tested their antibacterial activity with diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Ralstonia solanacearum with 50 mg/mL concentration. Pure extract rendemen was 2.66% with Rf 0.701. Pure curcumin biotransformed compound extract had higher antibacterial activity than crude extract and semipure extract and had doubled antibacterial activity than curcumin. Curcumin biotransformed compound inhibited all of test bacterias and the most sensitive bacteria was Salmonella typhi with 9.0 mm inhibitory zone diameter.