Kinerja Produksi dan Usaha Budidaya Kepiting Soka Sistem Apartemen dengan Berbagai Teknik Aklimatisasi

Abstract

Budidaya kepiting soka dalam boks apartemen dengan recirculated aquaculture system (RAS) masih menggunakan benih hasil tangkapan alam. Lokasi sumber benih dengan kegiatan budidaya seringkali berjauhan, sehingga dibutuhkan pengangkutan yang umumnya dilakukan secara kering, yang dapat menyebabkan kepiting stres. Pascapengangkutan kepiting membutuhkan aklimatisasi sebelum ditebar ke boks apartemen namun informasi mengenai teknik aklimatisasinya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respons fisiologis, tingkah laku, kinerja produksi dan usaha budidaya kepiting soka sistem apartemen dengan berbagai teknik aklimatisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu perendaman dan aerasi 60 menit (P1), pencipratan 60 menit (P2), serta pencipratan 30 menit dan perendaman 30 menit (P3). Benih kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) yang digunakan sebanyak 120 ekor berukuran 40-80 g dan dipelihara selama 30 hari dalam boks apartemen RAS. Kepiting diberi pakan ikan selar kuning satu kali sehari (17.00) secara restrictred (5% dari bobot). Kualitas air dijaga melalui penyifonan sisa pakan dan feses. Paramater penelitian yaitu glukosa hemolim, tingkah laku, tingkat kelangsungan hidup (TKH), laju pertumbuhan mutlak bobot (LPMBb), persentase molting, rasio konversi pakan (RKP), revenue/cost (R/C) dan break event poin (BEP). Perbedaan teknik aklimatisasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap TKH dan LPMBb. Persentase molting dan RKP terbaik diperoleh pada P1 dan P3. Respons fisiologis dan tingkah laku terbaik terdapat pada P3. Kinerja usaha pada semua perlakuan mengalami kerugian dengan R/C <1 dan produksi belum mencapai BEP.

Farming soft shell crabs in apartment boxes using a recirculated aquaculture system (RAS) still uses fisheries caught seeds. The location of the seed source and farm activities are often far apart, so transportation is required which is generally carried out in dry condition, which can cause stress to the crabs. Post transportation of crabs requires environmental adjustment (acclimatization) before being stocked in apartment boxes, but information regarding acclimatization techniques is still limited. This research aims to analyze the physiological response, behavior, production performance and culture of soft shell crabs in an apartment system using various acclimatization techniques. This research used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications, namely 60 minutes of immersion and aeration (P1), 60 minutes of splashing (P2), and 30 minutes of splashing and 30 minutes of immersion (P3). There were 120 mud crab (Scylla serrata) seed each weighing 40-80 g were reared for 30 days in the RAS apartment boxes. The crabs were given yellow trevally fish once a day (17.00) on a restricted basis (5% of weight). Water quality is maintained through siphoning of leftover feed and feces. The research parameters are hemolytic glucose, behavior, survival rate (SR), absolute weight growth rate, molting percentage, feed conversion ratio (FCR), revenue/cost (R/C) and break event points (BEP). Differences in acclimatization techniques have no effect on SR and absolute weight growth rate. The best molting percentage and FCR were obtained at P1 and P3. The best physiological and behavioral responses are found in P3. Business performance in all treatments experienced losses with R/C <1 and production had not reached BEP.