Dampak Surfaktan terhadap Performa Biologis, Fisiologis, dan Histologis pada Benih Ikan Dewa (Neolissochilus soro)
Date
2024-01Author
Rizkiya, Iffi
Juliandi, Berry
Nirmala, Kukuh
Puspaningsih, Dewi
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Ikan dewa (Neolissochilus soro) tumbuh dan berkembang di habitat
berupa danau maupun sungai. Namun sejalan dengan peningkatan populasi
dan aktivitas antropogenik di sekitar perairan, terjadi peningkatan jumlah
polusi yang masuk ke badan perairan. Salah satu bahan kimia yang berpotensi
mencemari perairan adalah Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS). Penelitian
ini bertujuan untuk menentukan toksisitas letal surfaktan LAS terhadap benih
ikan dewa serta menganalisis efek sub-letal terhadap kondisi biologis,
fisiologis, dan histologisnya. Parameter yang diamati meliputi toksisitas letal
(LC50), toksisitas sub-letal, serta kondisi biologis, fisiologis, dan histologis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan surfaktan LAS memiliki nilai LC50-96 jam
sebesar 6,14 mg/L dan tergolong bertoksisitas tinggi (highly toxic). Ikan yang
terpapar LAS selama 40 hari mengalami penurunan laju pertumbuhan
spesifik (SGR) dan efisiensi pakan (FE) seiring dengan meningkatnya
konsentrasi surfaktan. Paparan terhadap LAS juga menyebabkan peningkatan
jumlah leukosit, serta penurunan jumlah eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit,
dan kadar glukosa darah. Terdapat juga kerusakan pada insang, hati, dan
ginjal pada ikan yang terpapar LAS. Secara umum, konsentrasi sub-letal dari
nilai LC50-96 jam LAS memberikan pengaruh buruk terhadap benih ikan
dewa. Mahseer (Neolissochilus soro) grows and develops in its habitat, such
as lakes and rivers. However, in line with the increase in population, the
pollution load that enters water bodies is increasing as a result of
anthropogenic activities along the river. One of the chemicals that has the
potential to be a source of pollution for waters is Linear Alkylbenzene
Sulfonate (LAS). This study aims to determine the lethal toxicity of LAS
surfactant to mahseer and to analyze the sub-lethal effect of this surfactant on
the biological, physiological, and histological conditions of mahseer seeds.
Parameters studied included lethal toxicity (LC50), sublethal toxicity,
biological, histological, and hematological conditions. The results showed
that the LAS surfactant had an LC50-96 hour value of 6,14 mg/L in mahseer
and was classified as highly toxic. Fish exposed to LAS for 40 days
experienced a decrease in specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE)
as the surfactant concentration increased. Exposure to LAS also causes an
increase in the number of leukocytes, as well as a decrease in the number of
erythrocytes, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit percentage, and blood sugar
levels. There was also damage to the gills, liver, and kidneys of fish exposed
to LAS. In general, the sublethal concentration of the LC50-96 hour had a
negative effect on mahseer seeds.