Perancangan Bangunan Penangkap Mata Air dan Jaringan Pipa Air Bersih di Desa Kalikajar Kabupaten Wonosobo

Abstract

Kecenderungan pertambahan penduduk di Desa Kalikajar menunjukkan peningkatan kebutuhan air bersih. Penyediaan air air bersih belum optimal karena faktor geografi dan penurunan debit pada musim kemarau. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merencanakan bangunan penangkap mata air dan jaringan pipa distribusi air bersih di Desa Kalikajar. Data yang digunakan berupa jumlah penduduk, kebutuhan air, dan debit mata air. Proyeksi jumlah penduduk dihitung dengan metode aritmatika, geometrik, eksponensial, dan logistik, sedangkan kebutuhan air bersih dihitung berdasarkan SNI 19-6728.1-2002. Jumlah penduduk yang mencapai 5328 jiwa pada tahun 2050 menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan air bersih 9.68% dan kebutuhan air domestik mencapai 4.63 L/detik. Debit mata air mencapai 10.80 L/detik. Bangunan penangkap mata air dirancang dengan Tipe B dan 3 reservoir dirancang dengan kapasitas tampungan 7 m3. Distribusi air direncanakan dengan sistem gravitasi, karena beda elevasi antara mata air dan desa lebih dari 10 m, dengan menggunakan pipa PVC berdiameter 100 – 150 mm, sepanjang 11843 m. Desain dapat diterapkan karena memenuhi persyaratan yang berlaku.

The population growth in Kalikajar Village shows the increasing of water demand. Clean water availability is not optimal due to geographical factors and discharge reduction during the dry season. This research was conducted to design spring water catchment building and water distribution system at Kalikajar Village. The data of population, water demand, and water spring discharge were utilized in this research. The population growth was calculated using arithmetic, geometric, exponential, and logistic method, while water demand is calculated based on SNI 19-6728.1-2002. The population growth that reaches 5328 people in 2050 resulted in increasing water demand of 9.68% and domestic water demand reaches 4.63 L/s. The water spring discharge average was 10.80 L/s. The water spring catchment building was designed with Type B and 3 reservoir was designed with capacity of 7 m3. The water distribution was designed with gravitation system, because the elevation difference between the spring and the village is more than 10 m by using PVC pipeline with diameter of 100 – 150 mm and total length of 11843 m. The design meets the requirement standard and can be implemented.